{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:56:42Z","timestamp":1791896202166,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The management of dental caries has evolved from the traditional mechanical approach of \u201cextension for prevention\u201d to a biologically oriented philosophy centered on preserving natural tooth structures. Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) emphasizes early detection, risk assessment, prevention, and conservative intervention based on the lesion\u2019s activity and depth. This review outlines current evidence on non-operative, micro-invasive, and minimally invasive strategies, including fluoride therapy, remineralizing agents such as casein phosphopeptide\u2013amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), self-assembling peptides that promote biomimetic enamel repair, sealants, and resin infiltration. Minimally invasive operative methods employ advanced technologies for selective tissue removal\u2014chemomechanical systems (Carisolv, Papacarie, Brix3000), sono-and airabrasion, and new-generation polymeric and ceramic burs (SmartBur, Cerabur) designed to preserve sound dentin. Laser photoablation, particularly with erbium lasers (Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG), enables precise cavity preparation with minimal thermal and mechanical stress. These approaches enhance patient comfort, reduce anesthesia requirements, and maintain tooth vitality. Despite limitations related to cost, equipment, and operator sensitivity, MID represents not only a set of refined clinical techniques but also a comprehensive, evidence-based treatment philosophy founded on biological principles, structural preservation, and the promotion of long-term oral health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15041534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T08:38:39Z","timestamp":1771231119000},"page":"1534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Non-Operative, Micro- and Minimally Invasive Methods for Caries Treatment\u2014A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5885-6299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veselina","family":"Todorova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mount, G.J., Hume, W.R., Ngo, H., and Wolff, M.S. 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