{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T13:22:15Z","timestamp":1771939335886,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Avoidant\/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and psychotic disorders are clinically distinct conditions yet occasionally co-occur in ways that complicate assessment and treatment. ARFID is characterised by avoidance of food due to sensory sensitivities, fear of aversive consequences, or low interest in eating, without body-image distortion. Recent meta-analytic evidence suggests that ARFID affects a substantial proportion of the population and is associated with a considerable social burden. Psychosis is characterised by positive symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), negative symptoms (avolition, blunted affect, and social withdrawal), and cognitive impairments affecting thought, perception, and behaviour. Methods: Across the limited literature, shared mechanisms between ARFID and psychotic disorders appear to converge on pathological avoidance, which may arise from sensory overstimulation, obsessive\u2013compulsive features, or delusional beliefs about food. Case reports indicate that psychosis may both mimic ARFID and exacerbate food avoidance, while severe malnutrition can itself precipitate or worsen psychotic symptoms, blurring diagnostic boundaries. Results: Abnormalities in interoception, sensory sensitivity, and disrupted perception of bodily signals are manifestations of both ARFID and psychosis, suggesting a potential bridging pathway contributing to vulnerability and clinical overlap. Conclusions: Given the paucity of empirical studies and the reliance on isolated case reports, systematic investigation is mandatory and necessary to clarify shared mechanisms, refine differential diagnosis, and guide integrated treatment approaches. Given the heterogeneity of symptoms in comorbid patients, a personalised approach is suggested for treating these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15051704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T12:19:23Z","timestamp":1771935563000},"page":"1704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Co-Occurrence of Avoidant\/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) and Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5839-1301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Benedetta","family":"Anesini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Margoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3176-6060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Moccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Head-Neck and Chest, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8221-2721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Barbonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Onori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6520-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena Lucia","family":"Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6807-5796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Maria","family":"D\u2019Onofrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3653-1194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Foc\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8254-9299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section of Psychiatry, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0281-6324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios D.","family":"Kotzalidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Section 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