{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T11:02:56Z","timestamp":1774263776541,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: To characterize sectoral corneal thickness (CT) profiles in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) compared with healthy eyes and to evaluate potential associations between CT, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and optic disc rim area (RA). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 192 participants (91 with POAG and 101 controls) contributed 297 eyes (145 glaucoma eyes and 152 control eyes). All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examination and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT; Optovue Solix, Fremont, CA, USA) to obtain peripapillary RNFL measurements, optic disc rim area, and corneal pachymetry maps across five sectors (central, superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal). Repeated-measures correlation analyses were used to assess within-subject associations between CT and RA, and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were applied to evaluate independent associations between CT, glaucoma status, disease severity, and RNFL thickness while adjusting for relevant covariates. Results: Eyes with POAG exhibited significantly thinner corneas across all sectors compared with controls (all p &lt; 0.05), with the greatest differences observed in the superior (median 607.0 \u03bcm vs. 640.0 \u03bcm, p &lt; 0.001) and temporal (562.0 \u03bcm vs. 579.5 \u03bcm, p &lt; 0.001) regions. Average RNFL thickness and rim area were also significantly reduced in glaucoma eyes (all p &lt; 0.001). However, no independent associations between sectoral CT and RNFL thickness or RA were observed after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Although nominal associations between thinner inferotemporal CT and reduced RNFL thickness were observed in unadjusted analyses, these did not remain statistically significant after false discovery rate correction. In multivariable GEE models, glaucoma diagnosis and greater disease severity were consistently associated with reduced RNFL thickness (\u03b2 range: \u221211.0 to \u221242.2 \u03bcm; all p &lt; 0.001), whereas CT was not independently associated with RNFL thickness (all adjusted p &gt; 0.07). Conclusions: Sectoral corneal thickness is significantly reduced in eyes with POAG but does not independently correlate with RNFL thickness or optic disc rim area after adjustment for confounding factors. These findings support the concept that corneal thinning reflects structural and biomechanical susceptibility to glaucoma rather than serving as a marker of established neuroretinal damage severity. Further longitudinal studies incorporating comprehensive biomechanical assessments are warranted to clarify the role of corneal structure in glaucoma pathophysiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15062405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T09:48:42Z","timestamp":1774259322000},"page":"2405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sectoral Analysis of Corneal Thickness in Glaucoma and Healthy Eyes and Its Relationship with RNFL and Rim Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Miklaszewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Centre, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Gadamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Centre, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9084-7747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuzanna","family":"Lelek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Centre, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9983-5272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Janiszewska-Bil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Centre, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4405-8020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Lyssek-Boro\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Centre, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8768-1691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz","family":"Dobrowolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Centre, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Wyl\u0119ga\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital, 40-760 Katowice, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1633-7145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beniamin Oskar","family":"Grabarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collegium Medicum, WSB University, 41-300 Dabrowa Gornicza, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael Janusz","family":"Koss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Augenzentrum Nymphenburger H\u00f6fe, 80335 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Augenklinik der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Augenklinik Herzog Carl Theodor, 80335 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9737-5391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Krysik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Centre, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3192","article-title":"The Pathophysiology and Treatment of Glaucoma: A Review","volume":"311","author":"Weinreb","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.06.002","article-title":"Prevalence of 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