{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T21:24:38Z","timestamp":1786397078063,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies diagnosed in men worldwide. Brachytherapy (BT), particularly low-dose rate (LDR)-BT, has been shown to be a successful treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of BT treatment in localized prostate cancer patients from a single-center Portuguese cohort. Methods: This was a retrospective study that evaluated prostate cancer patients followed up at the Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, Coimbra, Portugal, who underwent LDR-BT between November 2007 and March 2024. Overall survival (OS), biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and complications post-LDR BT treatment were evaluated during patients\u2019 follow-up time. Results: A total of 1343 patients treated with LDR-BT were recruited. Global OS and BRFS rates were 98.4% and 87.7%, respectively. A reduced frequency of complications such as lower urinary tract symptoms, erectile dysfunction, acute urinary retention, radiation proctitis and stress urinary incontinence were described. High OS (&gt;98%) and BRFS rates were observed particularly in low and intermediate disease risk. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum levels &gt; 20 ng\/mL, Gleason score (GS) \u2265 8 and clinical tumor stage (cT) \u2265 T2c were identified as the strongest predictors of death and\/or biochemical recurrence. Conclusions: BT is an effective treatment in localized prostate cancer patients, with comparable outcomes and consistent with the OS and BRFS rates reported in the current literature for radical prostatectomy and external beam radiotherapy approaches, and with a reduced frequency of complications. PSA serum levels &gt; 20 ng\/mL, GS \u2265 8 and cT stage \u2265 T2c can be used as strong predictors of death and\/or biochemical recurrence during patients\u2019 follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15072778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T09:40:31Z","timestamp":1775554831000},"page":"2778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long-Term Outcomes of Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy in Localized Prostate Cancer: A 17-Year Retrospective Analysis of a Single-Center Portuguese Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3304-3803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Raba\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto 98, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3542-1145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domingos","family":"Roda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Joaquim Chaves Sa\u00fade, Rua An\u00edbal Bettencourt, n\u00b0 3, Edif\u00edcio CORE, 2790-225 Carnaxide, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Joaquim Chaves Sa\u00fade, Rua An\u00edbal Bettencourt, n\u00b0 3, Edif\u00edcio CORE, 2790-225 Carnaxide, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6537-1388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto 98, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Godinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto 98, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto 98, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilh\u00e3, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1362-1263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alberto","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto 98, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Regencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Coimbra, Av. Bissaya Barreto 98, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Hospital Lus\u00edadas, Av. dos Hospitais Civis de Lisboa 8, 2724-002 Amadora, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amilcar","family":"Sismeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Treatment of Urological Diseases, R. Dom Manuel I n\u00b0 8, Est\u00e1dio Cidade de Coimbra, 3030-320 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00243-0","article-title":"Prostate cancer","volume":"7","author":"Rebello","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. 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