{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T10:01:19Z","timestamp":1775728879547,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Autoimmune thyroiditis affects physical and cognitive development in children. Therefore, early detection can prevent symptoms that could lead to lifelong changes. Autoimmune thyroiditis can frequently accompany type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and celiac disease (CD). The goal in this study is to evaluate its usability as a screening method by assessing thyroid elasticity in children with negative thyroid autoantibodies and T1DM or CD. Methods: This cross-sectional, case\u2013control, single-center study was conducted with children who had applied to the Pediatrics outpatient clinic of Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital (Turkey). The study included three groups of cases (T1DM, CD and control). The value of the shear wave elastography (SWE) color map was recorded in kPa. Comparisons between two independent groups were conducted using either Student\u2019s t-test or the Mann\u2013Whitney U-test, while categorical variables were analyzed with the Chi-square test. A correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the variables. Results: The study cohort comprised 185 children, of whom 71 had T1DM, 54 had CD, and 60 constituted the healthy control group. The participants ranged in age from 4 to 17.9 years, with a mean age of 11.4 \u00b1 3.8 years. The gender distribution did not differ significantly between the groups. Anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) levels did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.894). Thyroid volume or standard deviation score did not differ significantly between the groups. Corresponding SWE values in the T1DM, CD and control groups were 7.7 (6.0\u20139.3), 5.9 (5.2\u20137.9) versus 7.1 (6.0\u20139.6), respectively (p = 0.002). Correlations were significantly associated between SWE scores and anti-thyroglobulin (TgAb), thyroid volume, mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and time elapsed from a diagnosis of CD. Conclusions: The SWE scores were observed to be higher in children with T1DM compared to those with CD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15082840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T08:56:07Z","timestamp":1775724967000},"page":"2840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Thyroid Elastography in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus or Celiac Disease Who Have Negative Thyroid Autoantibodies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7632-2215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arzu","family":"G\u00fclseren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri 38080, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serkan Bilge","family":"Koca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri 38080, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tu\u011fba Uylar","family":"Seber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri 38080, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Eren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri 38080, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Buket Daldaban","family":"Sar\u0131ca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri 38080, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00457-9","article-title":"Incidence, prevalence, and co-occurrence of autoimmune disorders over time and by age, sex, and socioeconomic status: A population-based cohort study of 22 million individuals in the UK","volume":"401","author":"Conrad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casto, C., Pepe, G., Li Pomi, A., Corica, D., Aversa, T., and Wasniewska, M. 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