{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:43:53Z","timestamp":1790304233670,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00afdp487","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Dentofacial deformities (DFDs) comprise heterogeneous sagittal, vertical, transverse, and asymmetry components, yet clinical severity is often summarized using isolated measurements. Objectives: To operationalize a reproducible composite DFD severity score and evaluate its cross-sectional associations with quality of life, function, airway-related screening indicators, and psychosocial burden. Methods: In this single-center cross-sectional study, consecutive adults assessed in an orthognathic surgery pathway underwent a prespecified 0\u2013100 severity scoring framework integrating sagittal discrepancy (|Wits| and |ANB deviation|), vertical pattern (SN-MP angle), and asymmetry\/transverse variables (chin deviation, asymmetry index, transverse discrepancy, and absolute overjet). Outcomes included the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ), FACE-Q facial appearance satisfaction scale, PHQ-9, GAD-7, STOP-Bang, functional testing, and CBCT-derived upper-airway metrics. Results: Severe DFDs had higher composite severity (62.9 \u00b1 12.8 vs. 25.3 \u00b1 10.9), larger sagittal discrepancy (|Wits| 6.3 \u00b1 2.8 vs. 3.1 \u00b1 1.8), and higher SN-MP angles (39.8 \u00b1 7.4 vs. 34.7 \u00b1 7.2) (all p &lt; 0.001). Severe DFDs also had worse OQLQ (36.2 \u00b1 6.2 vs. 24.1 \u00b1 7.2), OHIP-14 (18.3 \u00b1 4.2 vs. 12.4 \u00b1 4.1), FACE-Q satisfaction (45.7 \u00b1 10.3 vs. 67.6 \u00b1 9.6), masticatory performance (59.4 \u00b1 8.5 vs. 75.1 \u00b1 7.5), and smaller airway area (126.7 \u00b1 29.6 vs. 161.4 \u00b1 27.7) (all p &lt; 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression, |Wits|, SN-MP angle, asymmetry index, and lower airway area independently predicted severe status; PHQ-9 was associated with severity in unadjusted analyses but did not retain independent significance after multivariable adjustment. Model discrimination was high (AUC 0.91). Conclusions: This multidimensional severity framework captures clinically meaningful cross-sectional differences across morphologic, functional, airway-related, and psychosocial domains. Its interpretability remained stable in sensitivity analyses, but external and longitudinal validation is still required before broader implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15093366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:33:37Z","timestamp":1777376017000},"page":"3366","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multidimensional Severity Phenotypes in Dentofacial Deformities: Cross-Sectional Associations with Quality of Life, Function, and Psychosocial Burden"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Serban Talpos","family":"Niculescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogdan Andrei","family":"Bumbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0959-7918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana","family":"Talpos Niculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Research Center TADERP, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9764-2964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Avramut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florin","family":"Urtila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicia","family":"Streian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7286-3161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malina","family":"Popa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Dentistry Research Center (Pedo-Research), Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"Who needs surgical-orthodontic treatment?","volume":"5","author":"Proffit","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. 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