{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T17:16:23Z","timestamp":1778778983407,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ricerca Corrente funding scheme of the Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Wrist cock-up orthoses are standard for work-related musculoskeletal disorders, yet consensus is lacking on whether commercial orthoses (COs) or custom-made thermoplastic orthoses (THs) better preserve function. While COs offer availability, THs provide a superior anatomical fit. This study evaluated dexterity and satisfaction in healthy female employees to establish a functional baseline for preventive strategies. Methods: Healthy female office workers with no prior musculoskeletal or neurological conditions participated in this randomized cross-over study. Manual dexterity was assessed at baseline and after each of two consecutive workdays, during which participants wore, in a randomized order, either a CO or a TH made by an expert physiotherapist. Outcome measures included the Functional Dexterity Test (FDT), recording time and errors, and the Client Satisfaction with Device (CSD-It) scale. Results: Twenty right-handed women (mean age 45.6 \u00b1 11 years) participated. A significant difference in FDT completion times across conditions (\u03c72 = 12.6, p = 0.002) was found. While both orthoses slowed performance compared to baseline (p &lt; 0.01), the CO allowed for faster dexterity than the TH (p &lt; 0.01). No differences were found in error rates. Regarding satisfaction, the CO achieved significantly better CSD-It scores than the TH (p = 0.0047), despite 60% of users reporting increased skin temperature with the CO. Final preferences were nearly evenly split (55% CO vs. 45% TH). Conclusions: Both orthoses impact manual dexterity without compromising precision. While the CO offered better execution speed and overall satisfaction, the TH version was preferred for prolonged skin tolerability. Selection should be individualized, balancing mechanical efficiency with the superior fit of custom-fabricated solutions in office environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15103761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T16:27:56Z","timestamp":1778776076000},"page":"3761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Commercial Versus Custom-Made Cock-Up Orthoses: A Randomized Cross-Over Analysis of Dexterity and Satisfaction in Female Office Employees"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5372-131X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Sartorio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation (DiMIT), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8910-2649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marica","family":"Giardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, Gattico-Veruno, 28013 Piedmont, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0096-0104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Libiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, Gattico-Veruno, 28013 Piedmont, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5948-2428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Arcolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, Gattico-Veruno, 28013 Piedmont, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Godi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, Gattico-Veruno, 28013 Piedmont, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7484-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Corna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Veruno, Gattico-Veruno, 28013 Piedmont, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"72","article-title":"Effect of using wrist orthoses on forearm flexor and extensor muscle activation","volume":"16","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. 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