{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:13:05Z","timestamp":1787771585504,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024NSFSC1571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024NSFSC1571"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2024NSFSC1571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024NSFSC1571"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04aqat463","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Adults first diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood are a clinically distinct subgroup, yet the factors associated with self-informant discrepancies in this group remain underexplored. This study examined the associations of anxiety, depression, and hypomanic traits with self-informant discrepancies on the DIVA-5. Methods: A total of 217 adults first diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood and their parents independently completed the DIVA-5. Patients also completed the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the 32-item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32). Associations were examined using Spearman correlations, group comparisons, and hierarchical linear regression, controlling for demographic covariates. All reported p-values were adjusted using the Benjamini\u2013Hochberg false discovery rate method. Results: Self-informant discrepancies were significant across all symptom and functional impairment domains, with self-ratings consistently higher than parent-ratings. Anxiety showed robust independent associations, particularly for hyperactivity-impulsivity (both childhood and adulthood) and childhood functional impairment. Depression showed positive associations only in separate hierarchical linear regression analyses for each affective characteristic; these associations were no longer significant after controlling for anxiety. Hypomanic traits were not independently associated with self-informant discrepancies in any domain. Conclusions: Among adults first diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood, anxiety was robustly associated with self-informant discrepancies, whereas depression and hypomanic traits were not. These findings underscore the importance of attending to anxiety when interpreting self-informant discrepancies in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15103965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T09:29:58Z","timestamp":1779355798000},"page":"3965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations of Anxiety and Depression and Hypomanic Traits with Self-Informant Discrepancies in Adults First Diagnosed with ADHD in Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9311-9961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21374","article-title":"Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Adults: Evidence Base, Uncertainties and Controversies","volume":"24","author":"Cortese","year":"2025","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00495-0","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"10","author":"Faraone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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