{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T08:03:14Z","timestamp":1779696194933,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pelvic xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a rare pathological entity that can closely mimic malignant disease on cross-sectional imaging, often leading to consideration of radical surgical intervention. We report the case of a 59-year-old woman who presented with a large retrovesical pelvic mass initially suspected to be a malignant process. A definitive diagnosis was established only after tissue biopsy and comprehensive histopathological examination, which excluded malignancy and demonstrated xanthogranulomatous histiocytic inflammation. In light of the lesion\u2019s anatomical location and the substantial morbidity associated with surgical resection, a conservative medical strategy was pursued. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids and everolimus led to marked clinical improvement and a substantial radiological response, with reduction in lesion size from 41 \u00d7 26 mm to 27 \u00d7 17 mm, thereby allowing avoidance of mutilating surgery. This case underscores the critical role of biopsy and expert pathological assessment in guiding clinical decision-making and supports the consideration of non-surgical therapeutic approaches in selected patients with xanthogranulomatous pelvic lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15114066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T06:42:18Z","timestamp":1779691338000},"page":"4066","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Xanthogranulomatous Inflammatory Pelvic Mass Mimicking Malignancy: Successful Conservative Treatment and Narrative Insights into Diagnosis and Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0613-1074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine","family":"Siniscalchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto","family":"Vaglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Prati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2680-2242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Nouvenne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Parise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6724-4277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Cerundolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Corradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6073-4466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Francois","family":"Emile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Universit\u00e9 de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Inserm U981, 91190 Boulogne-Billancourt, France"},{"name":"AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Ambroise-Par\u00e9, Service de Pathologie, Smart Imaging Platform, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9162-7866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Tana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Eastern Hospital of Taranto, 74024 Taranto, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Meschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Parma University Hospital, 43125 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3348\/jksr.2023.0026","article-title":"Imaging and Clinical Findings of Xanthogranulomatous Inflammatory Disease of Various Abdominal and Pelvic Organs: A Pictorial Essay","volume":"85","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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