{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:02:08Z","timestamp":1785420128194,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P.","award":["06397\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["06397\/2025"]}]},{"award":["06397\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["06397\/2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00snfqn58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction\/Objectives: Although contemporary cardiovascular guidelines endorse intensive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering and advanced lipid biomarkers for refined risk stratification, important gaps in knowledge and implementation persist. This study evaluated clinician familiarity with novel lipid-lowering therapies, approaches to residual cardiovascular risk, confidence in identifying familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), and perceived usefulness of digital decision-support tools. Methods: A multispecialty, cross-sectional online survey (October 2025) of physicians involved in dyslipidemia care was conducted. The questionnaire assessed familiarity, accessibility, and barriers regarding proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, inclisiran, and bempedoic acid; confidence and practice in managing complex populations and residual risk; confidence in detecting FH and expectations for lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]; and perceived value of digital decision-support and automated risk alerts. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed. Results: Ninety-five clinicians completed the survey, with the largest group (41.1%) being general practitioners. Of them, 20.0% reported familiarity with all three novel therapies, and 49.5% reported restricted access due to cost and reimbursement constraints. Overall confidence in managing dyslipidemia in complex populations was moderate. Of note, 31.6% did not routinely assess residual risk after achieving LDL-C targets. Among those who did, imaging-based evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis was the most frequently selected approach, followed by Lp(a) and triglycerides, hs-CRP, and apoB. Confidence in recognizing FH was modest, and expectations regarding future Lp(a) testing differed across specialties. Most respondents endorsed integrated decision-support tools and automated risk-alert prompts. Conclusions: Implementation gaps persist in dyslipidemia care, while strong receptiveness to digital decision-support highlights an opportunity to align practice more closely with evidence-based recommendations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15114205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T17:36:18Z","timestamp":1780076178000},"page":"4205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Novel Therapies, Residual Risk, Familial Hypercholesterolemia, and Digital Tools: Multispecialty Insights from a Dyslipidemia Management Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8466-565X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Mesquita-Lousada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nia","family":"Rocha-Melo-Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hern\u00e2ni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"MEDCIDS\u2014Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Sa\u00fade Familiar\u2014Bar\u00e3o do Corvo, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho, EPE, 4400-037 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9948-7009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago Rodrigues","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Barcelos Esposende, 4754-909 Barcelos, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9908-9003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Marques-Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Braga, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2585-200X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Paulo","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE-Health, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6623-7420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS\u2014Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Pl\u00e1cido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"RISE-Health, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Palliative Care Study Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Community Palliative Care Support Team Gaia, Local Health Unit Gaia and Espinho, 4400-129 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7674-3044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Neiva-Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Alto Ave (ULSAAVE), 4835-044 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4420-096 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2656-8935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Rocha-Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE-Health, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Alto Ave, EPE, 4835-044 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990\u20132019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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