{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:34:24Z","timestamp":1785429264310,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Association of Friends of the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center","award":["580128593"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["580128593"]}]},{"award":["580128593"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["580128593"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04nd58p63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: This study examined peer interactions among late-diagnosed autistic adolescents, focusing on biological sex differences. Methods: Participants included 61 adolescents aged 12\u201318 years (31 boys, 30 girls) with an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) &gt; 75, all diagnosed within the past three years. Peer interactions were assessed using the APIOS-A, an adapted version of the preschool observational tool (APIOS). Parents reported on autistic traits via the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2), which measures social communication difficulties; socialization skills through the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS-II), which assesses adaptive functioning; and behavioral problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), which identifies emotional and behavioral issues. These measures were utilized to compare social profiles across sexes. Results: The APIOS-A demonstrated good reliability for identifying socio-communicative difficulties in both boys and girls. Findings indicated that boys and girls showed similar peer interaction challenges, with subtle differences in conversational reciprocity, cognitive flexibility, and humor use. Associations between behavioral characteristics and peer patterns varied by sex, highlighting the importance of tailored approaches. Conclusions: These results underscore the need for sex-sensitive assessment tools and tailored interventions for late-diagnosed autistic adolescents. Integrating observational and parental measures may enhance understanding and support their social development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15114340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T06:04:12Z","timestamp":1780553052000},"page":"4340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peer Interaction in Late-Diagnosed Autistic Adolescent Boys and Girls"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Miri","family":"Ben Shabbat-Seri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel"},{"name":"Marot Autism Center, Child Development Institute, Dana-Dwek Children\u2019s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky (Ichilov) Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6423906, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagit","family":"Nagar-Shimoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marot Autism Center, Child Development Institute, Dana-Dwek Children\u2019s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky (Ichilov) Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6423906, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yael","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marot Autism Center, Child Development Institute, Dana-Dwek Children\u2019s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky (Ichilov) Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6423906, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalia","family":"Rabinovich-Shefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analia Rabinovich Shefer, the Autism Center, Alut, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin 7030000, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirit","family":"Bauminger-Zviely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4845","DOI":"10.1044\/2021_JSLHR-21-00150","article-title":"Using Peer Supports to Encourage Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder to Show Interest in Their Conversation Partners","volume":"64","author":"Bambara","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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