{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:58:20Z","timestamp":1791446300232,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This randomized, single-blind study aimed to compare the effects of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB), thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) and intravenous (IV) analgesia on postoperative pain, opioid consumption and quality of recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods: A total of 120 adult patients (ASA I-III) scheduled for elective LC were randomized into three groups: ESPB (GI), TPVB (GII) and IV analgesia (GIII). Bilateral ESPB or TPVB was performed preoperatively; then all patients received standardized general anesthesia and postoperative analgesia including paracetamol, tenoxicam and IV tramadol via patient-controlled analgesia. The primary outcome was 24 h tramadol consumption. Secondary outcomes included pain scores, rescue analgesia requirement, patient satisfaction, postoperative nausea and vomiting, time to first ambulation, length of hospital stay and Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) scores. Results: Twenty-four-hour tramadol consumption was significantly higher in GIII (135.78 \u00b1 22.73 mg) compared with GI (101.05 \u00b1 26.99 mg) and GII (95.67 \u00b1 31.49 mg) (p &lt; 0.001), with no difference between GI and GII. Both static and dynamic pain scores were lower in GI and GII compared with GIII at most time points. Rescue analgesia requirement and patient dissatisfaction were significantly higher in GIII. QoR-15 scores were significantly improved in GI and GII compared with GIII (p &lt; 0.001), while no difference was observed between the regional techniques. Block performance time was shorter with ESPB than TPVB (p &lt; 0.001). No complications were reported. Conclusions: ESPB and TPVB provided effective analgesia and improved recovery after LC compared with IV analgesia alone. Both regional techniques may be considered as components of multimodal analgesia after LC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15124593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T08:57:58Z","timestamp":1781513878000},"page":"4593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"Turhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zerrin","family":"Sungur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9503-7516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00fc\u015ferref Beril","family":"Din\u00e7er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meltem","family":"Savran Karadeniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Saka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hacer Ay\u015fen","family":"Yavru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2293-7086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reyhan Nil","family":"K\u0131r\u015fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8299-3688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00fckhet","family":"Sivrikoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul 34093, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17626","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i46.17626","article-title":"Meta-analysis of laparoscopic vs open cholecystectomy in elderly patients","volume":"20","author":"Antoniou","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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