{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T23:17:47Z","timestamp":1787959067237,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Unilateral progressive condylar growth (UPCG) represents a complex clinical condition characterized by abnormal enlargement of the mandibular condyle, leading to progressive facial asymmetry and functional impairment. Objectives: The aim of this review is to analyze the biological, clinical, and therapeutic factors guiding condylectomy, assess the current role and scope of proportional condylectomy, and propose an algorithm to guide its indication in patients with UPCG. Methods: A narrative review was conducted to analyze the biological, clinical, and therapeutic factors involved in the indication for condylectomy in patients with progressive unilateral condylar growth. Studies including patients diagnosed with unilateral condylar hyperplasia or condylar osteochondroma who underwent surgical treatment were considered to evaluate clinical indications, timing of intervention, and outcomes. Special attention was given to the concept of proportional condylectomy. Results: Current evidence indicates that early intervention may control disease progression, reduce the severity of residual deformity, and minimize the need for secondary orthognathic surgery. The integration of clinical findings, three-dimensional imaging, and patient-specific factors is essential for appropriate treatment planning. Conclusions: Based on these considerations, a structured clinical algorithm is proposed to guide decision-making in patients with unilateral progressive condylar growth. This approach supports individualized treatment strategies aimed at optimizing functional and esthetic outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15124654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T03:27:21Z","timestamp":1781666841000},"page":"4654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decision-Making in Unilateral Progressive Condylar Growth of the Mandible: Biological Insights and the Role of Proportional Condylectomy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8153-0676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Olate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"PhD Program & Center for Research in Morphology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5988-3723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Ravelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program & Center for Research in Morphology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"GIPO, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Program & Center for Research in Morphology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Adult Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majeed","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, National University Centre for Oral Health, Singapore 119085, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, Albert Einstein University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-195205000-00001","article-title":"Some important details in the treatment of prognathism by double condylectomy","volume":"9","year":"1952","journal-title":"Plast. 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