{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T13:52:45Z","timestamp":1782395565056,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Chronic home oxygen therapy\u2014long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT)\u2014improves survival and quality of life in chronic respiratory failure when used \u226515 h\/day, but adherence is frequently suboptimal and specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are scarce. To develop, validate and apply a specific PROM for patients on LTOT. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted at San Juan de Alicante University Hospital (April 2024\u2013December 2025) following a four-stage process: conceptual framework definition and expert workshop, content validation and item reduction, cognitive interviews with pilot reliability testing (n = 25), and field application to 120 consecutive chronic LTOT users. The LTOT-PROM was designed to capture the patient-perceived impact attributable to LTOT during the previous 4 weeks. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 and test\u2013retest reproducibility with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The final instrument comprises 15 scored items in two dimensions\u2014Daily Activity (9 items) and Adverse Effects (6 items)\u2014plus one ambulatory-only mobility item excluded from the total score. Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 was 0.814 (95% CI 0.681\u20130.906) for Daily Activity, 0.743 (95% CI 0.548\u20130.872) for Adverse Effects and 0.808 (95% CI 0.677\u20130.902) for the total scale; total ICC(A,1) was 0.890 (95% CI 0.767\u20130.950). Among the 120 patients (62 men, 58 women; mean age 78 \u00b1 13 years; mean therapy duration 40 \u00b1 32 months), 68% reported reduced effort for daily activities, 66% reported a reduction in dyspnoea and 67% reported improved self-confidence; 49% reported morning airway dryness and 7% abandoned the equipment due to nasal dryness or rhinitis. Conclusions: The LTOT-PROM is a brief, reliable and reproducible oxygen-specific instrument for assessing the recent patient-perceived impact of LTOT in routine clinical practice. Further studies should evaluate structural validity, external validity and the relationship between LTOT-PROM scores and objective adherence measures. The construct was predefined as the patient-perceived impact attributable to LTOT during a standardised 4-week recall window, and cognitive interviews confirmed that respondents interpreted the items as experienced benefit\/burden during that period rather than as week-to-week symptom change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15134948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T12:37:55Z","timestamp":1782391075000},"page":"4948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and Application of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in Patients on Chronic Home Oxygen Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3374-4623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eusebi","family":"Chiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, San Juan de Alicante University Hospital, 03550 Sant Joan d\u2019Alacant, Alicante, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hern\u00e1ndez, 03550 Sant Joan d\u2019Alacant, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8225-3623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignacio","family":"Boira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, San Juan de Alicante University Hospital, 03550 Sant Joan d\u2019Alacant, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, San Juan de Alicante University Hospital, 03550 Sant Joan d\u2019Alacant, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Llombart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, San Juan de Alicante University Hospital, 03550 Sant Joan d\u2019Alacant, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3836-5884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violeta","family":"Esteban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, San Juan de Alicante University Hospital, 03550 Sant Joan d\u2019Alacant, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1921-0361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, San Juan de Alicante University Hospital, 03550 Sant Joan d\u2019Alacant, Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linde Healthcare, 28108 Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Va\u00f1es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linde Healthcare, 28108 Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Gigliarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linde Healthcare, 28108 Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linde Healthcare, 28108 Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Garc\u00eda Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linde Healthcare, 28108 Alcobendas, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3s","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00038503","article-title":"Respiratory failure","volume":"22","author":"Roussos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. 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