{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:47:33Z","timestamp":1785415653925,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2022-NR074290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-NR074290"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00239573"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00239573"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["RS-2022-NR074290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2022-NR074290"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["RS-2023-00239573"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00239573"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This study examined whether foot progression angle and stance width modify lower-limb muscle activation during the holding phase of forward lunges in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty-six healthy adults completed five randomized within-participant lunge conditions: standard stance with 0\u00b0, 30\u00b0, and 60\u00b0 foot progression angles and narrow and wide stances with a 0\u00b0 foot progression angle. Surface electromyographic activity was recorded from the rectus femoris, gluteus medius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus. The central 2 s of each 6 s trial were analyzed and normalized to maximal voluntary contraction. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons. Results: Foot progression angle significantly affected rectus femoris, gluteus medius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis activation. Rectus femoris and vastus lateralis activation were higher at 60\u00b0 than at 0\u00b0 and 30\u00b0, vastus medialis activation was higher at 60\u00b0 than at 30\u00b0 only, and gluteus medius activation decreased as foot progression angle increased. Stance width significantly affected rectus femoris, gluteus medius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis activation. Rectus femoris activation increased with stance width, gluteus medius activation was lower in standard and wide stances than in narrow stance, and vastus lateralis and vastus medialis activation were higher in standard and wide stances than in narrow stance. Biceps femoris and semitendinosus did not differ across conditions. Conclusions: Foot progression angle and stance width modified selected acute lower-limb EMG responses during the holding phase of bodyweight forward lunges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15145567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T03:34:23Z","timestamp":1784172863000},"page":"5567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Foot Progression Angle and Stance Width on Lower-Limb Muscle Activation During the Holding Phase of Forward Lunge Exercises in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Within-Participant Crossover Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1898-8569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ho-Jin","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellness Center, Ansan University, Ansan 15328, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Yongin 17113, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0465-9665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hwi-Young","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4725-4396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung-Hyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2019.11.005","article-title":"The importance of lower-extremity muscle strength for lower-limb functional capacity in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review","volume":"63","author":"Ramari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. 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