{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T04:05:59Z","timestamp":1784261159798,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation is associated with repeated dislocation episodes, pain, impaired jaw function, and psychosocial burden. Injectable intra- and periarticular therapies have been proposed as minimally invasive methods of improving joint stability, but the available evidence is heterogeneous and frequently involves adjunctive procedures. This mapping review aimed to characterize injectable treatments whose effects could be assessed independently from simultaneous non-injectable interventions. Methods: PubMed (MEDLINE), Europe PMC, and BASE were searched from inception to 7 April 2026. Reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews were also screened. Studies reporting clinical outcomes of injectable intra- or periarticular treatments for recurrent mandibular dislocation were eligible when the effect of the injectable component could be evaluated independently. Study selection, data charting, and critical appraisal were performed using predefined methods. Results: Five primary clinical studies and eight secondary mapping or reference-checking sources were included. The primary studies evaluated autologous blood injection, dextrose prolotherapy, and sodium morrhuate or other sclerosing-agent injections. Most studies reported reductions in recurrent dislocation or subluxation and improvements in joint stability. Some also reported improvements in maximal mouth opening, clicking, pain, or other clinical outcomes. However, the evidence was limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneous protocols, variable injection sites, and limited comparative data. Conclusions: The available literature on injectable therapies for recurrent mandibular dislocation is limited and heterogeneous. Although included studies generally reported favorable outcomes, the evidence does not permit conclusions regarding the comparative effectiveness or superiority of any specific injectable modality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15145589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:12:38Z","timestamp":1784257958000},"page":"5589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peri- and Intraarticular Injections with Isolable Treatment Effects in Recurrent Mandibular Dislocation: A Mapping Review of the Current Evidence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4345-5657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amelia","family":"Hoppe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Preventive Medicine Center, Komorowskiego 12, 30-106 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6199-4753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Ch\u0119ci\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wo\u0142oska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wojska Polskiego 51, 25-375 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5580-8941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Macek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Preventive Medicine Center, Komorowskiego 12, 30-106 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6747-1336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Kosi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Preventive Medicine Center, Komorowskiego 12, 30-106 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolina","family":"Grzybowska-Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U\u015bmiech Family Dental Clinic, Nastrojowa 26, 91-496 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Horodniczy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ortho.pl Dental Office, Buforowa 34, 52-131 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9131-3817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Kasprzycka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miodowa Clinic, G\u0142owaccy Medical and Dental Practice Professional Partnership, Miodowa 2, 62-090 Kiekrz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliwia","family":"Jagie\u0142\u0142o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gabinety Lekarskie Dent-im M.B. Pawelczyk Sp\u00f3\u0142ka Jawna, R\u00f3\u017cana 13\/1, 61-577 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2009-3556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuzanna","family":"Baniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stomatologia Centrum, Moniuszki 3\/7, 32-020 Wieliczka, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Ch\u0119ci\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wo\u0142oska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3348-1950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Sikora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wo\u0142oska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Wojska Polskiego 51, 25-375 Kielce, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1470","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000011977","article-title":"Painless Reduction of Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation","volume":"36","author":"Liao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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