{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T05:00:30Z","timestamp":1785387630855,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou","award":["2025A03J3735"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A03J3735"]}]},{"name":"Youth S&T Talent Support Programme of Guangdong Provincial Association for Science and Technology","award":["SKXRC2026098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKXRC2026098"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025A1515012552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A1515012552"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021A1515110714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515110714"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023A03J0374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A03J0374"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder unique to pregnancy, closely associated with severe adverse maternal and fetal outcomes such as preterm birth and intrauterine fetal death. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, metabolic, and environmental factors, with a higher risk observed in southern China and among individuals co-infected with hepatitis B virus. Substantial evidence demonstrates a significant dose\u2013response relationship between serum total bile acid (TBA) levels and perinatal outcomes, with TBA \u2265 40 \u03bcmol\/L commonly used as a criterion for severe ICP. However, most existing prediction models are based on single-center, retrospective studies with small sample sizes and insufficient external validation, limiting their clinical generalizability. In recent years, nomograms and machine learning methods have demonstrated advantages in the early prediction and risk stratification of ICP. Deep learning models and multi-omics integration strategies have further enhanced predictive accuracy. Nevertheless, challenges remain regarding model interpretability, data standardization, and cross-population applicability. Future research should leverage large-scale, multi-center prospective cohorts, integrating multi-omics technologies, including genomics, metabolomics, gut microbiome profiling with artificial intelligence to develop clinically actionable and interpretable risk prediction tools. Integrating these tools into electronic health record systems and mobile platforms may facilitate the early identification and individualized management of ICP, ultimately improving maternal and neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15155887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T08:52:01Z","timestamp":1785228721000},"page":"5887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Early Precise Prediction and Severe Risk Stratification of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: Advances and Future Directions in Clinical Translation from Traditional Models to Artificial Intelligence and Multi-Omics Technologies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Wenting","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghe","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6041-5215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jamshidi Kerachi, A., Shahlaee, M.A., Habibi, P., Dehdari Ebrahimi, N., Ala, M., and Sadeghi, A. 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