{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T12:49:09Z","timestamp":1785761349059,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05dwvd537","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Wroc\u0142aw Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUBZ.L030.26.019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBZ.L030.26.019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["SUBZ.L030.26.019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBZ.L030.26.019"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01qpw1b93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Enteral nutrition is an essential component of care for critically ill patients, and nurses play a key role in its assessment, delivery, and monitoring. Although the Spanish version of the Persenius Scale has previously undergone translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and content validation, its structural validity has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the structural validity of the Spanish version of the Persenius Scale in a sample of intensive care unit nurses in Spain. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire administered to intensive care unit nurses. The analytical sample included 329 participants recruited through non-probability snowball sampling. Sampling adequacy was assessed using the Kaiser\u2013Meyer\u2013Olkin index and Bartlett\u2019s test of sphericity. Principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was performed to evaluate the structural validity of the instrument. Hierarchical cluster analysis was also used to examine the coherence of item grouping. Results: The Kaiser\u2013Meyer\u2013Olkin value was 0.88, and Bartlett\u2019s test of sphericity was significant, supporting the suitability of the data for component analysis. A five-component solution was retained, explaining approximately 58% of the total variance. The components were organizational resources, specialized training, professional responsibility, perceived competence, and technical modality of enteral administration. Organizational resources and professional responsibility showed the most homogeneous loading patterns, whereas several technical practice items demonstrated higher uniqueness and weaker structural integration. Conclusions: The present study provides preliminary evidence regarding the internal structure of the Spanish version of the Persenius Scale by demonstrating a clinically interpretable five-component structure. The instrument may support the assessment of educational, organizational, and professional aspects of enteral nutrition practice among intensive care unit nurses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15155987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T11:50:21Z","timestamp":1785757821000},"page":"5987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploratory Assessment of the Internal Structure of the Spanish Version of the Persenius Scale for Enteral Nutrition in Intensive Care Units: A Cross-Sectional Psychometric Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6440-1431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Sabater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE, GIUV2019-456), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 26004 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Care Research Group (INCLIVA), Clinical Hospital of Valencia, University of Valencia, 26004 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"GRUPAC Research Group in Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6943-3027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Dom\u00e9nech-Briz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE, GIUV2019-456), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 26004 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Ribera University Hospital, Alzira, 46600 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4245-5420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Czapla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE, GIUV2019-456), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 26004 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"GRUPAC Research Group in Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medical Service, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3597-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ra\u00fal","family":"Ju\u00e1rez-Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRUPAC Research Group in Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences of Castile and Le\u00f3n (INCYL), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3324-5798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mercedes","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Barba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8607-3195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Gea-Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Community Health and Care Research Group (SALCOM), Valencian International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9790-0659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurora","family":"Garc\u00eda-Tejedor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, 46002 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Grupo de Bioactividad e Inmunolog\u00eda Nutricional (BIOINUT), Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8495-2840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Palomares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE, GIUV2019-456), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 26004 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel Mar\u00eda","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE, GIUV2019-456), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 26004 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4141-6956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Chover-Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE, GIUV2019-456), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 26004 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Valencia, 460060 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0026-4474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Angel","family":"Santos-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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