{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T12:49:49Z","timestamp":1785761389808,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although the STRIDE regimen (durvalumab plus tremelimumab) has demonstrated an overall survival benefit in clinical trials, real-world evidence remains limited, particularly in Turkish clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of first-line STRIDE therapy in patients with unresectable HCC treated in routine clinical practice. Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study including patients with unresectable HCC who received first-line durvalumab plus tremelimumab through the Turkish national Early Access Program across 18 oncology centers. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan\u2013Meier method, and exploratory Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate baseline prognostic factors. Results: Thirty-two patients were included. The median PFS was 7.25 months (95% CI, 3.68\u201322.29), and the median OS was 11.43 months (95% CI, 4.50\u2013not reached). The underlying liver disease etiology was non-viral in 53.1% of patients, hepatitis B virus in 40.6%, and hepatitis C virus in 6.3%. Grade \u2265 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in fewer than 10% of patients. Conclusions: In this multicenter real-world cohort, first-line durvalumab plus tremelimumab appeared to be a feasible treatment option and was generally well tolerated in patients with unresectable HCC. However, given the retrospective design, small sample size, and absence of a control group, these findings should be interpreted cautiously and require confirmation in larger prospective comparative studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15155997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T11:50:21Z","timestamp":1785757821000},"page":"5997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First-Line Durvalumab\u2013Tremelimumab in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Real-World Data from Turkey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9529-7772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa Murat","family":"M\u0131d\u0131k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ege University Medical Faculty, 35100 Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1478-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6khan","family":"\u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ege University Medical Faculty, 35100 Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bekir Mert","family":"Durukan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1650-154X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatih","family":"Ku\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Sanatorium Hospital, 06290 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00fcbra","family":"Ha\u015fimo\u011flu G\u00fcr\u00fcn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ondokuz May\u0131s University, 55270 Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinan","family":"\u00dcnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Atat\u00fcrk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Katip \u00c7elebi University, 35620 Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5986-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cem","family":"Mirili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Adana Middle East Hospital, 01140 Adana, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canan","family":"Karan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Denizli Tekden Hospital, 20010 Denizli, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6970-4733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Engin","family":"Hendem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Meng\u00fccek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m University, 24002 Erzincan, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teoman","family":"\u015eakalar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Kahramanmara\u015f Necip Faz\u0131l City Hospital, 46050 Kahramanmara\u015f, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1537-3796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miray","family":"Aydo\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, 34865 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4462-6393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahad\u0131r","family":"K\u00f6yl\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ko\u00e7 University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7312-3827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadiye","family":"Sever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Haydarpa\u015fa Sample Training and Research Hospital, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahattin Engin","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00fclay","family":"Ku\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, 27410 Gaziantep, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canberk","family":"\u015eencan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, 35220 Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atike P\u0131nar","family":"Erdo\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Hafsa Sultan Hospital Medical Oncology, Celal Bayar University, 45140 Manisa, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hatime Arzu","family":"Ya\u015far","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, 06070 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilal","family":"Karaka\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4057-3108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O\u011fuzhan","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahiddin","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ondokuz May\u0131s University, 55270 Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8027-9352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Alan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ondokuz May\u0131s University, 55270 Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00fclent","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ondokuz May\u0131s University, 55270 Samsun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1140-8779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nedim","family":"Turan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, 34865 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melek Karakurt","family":"Ery\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Arta\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130lkay Tu\u011fba","family":"\u00dcnek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, 35220 Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"Sel\u00e7ukbiricik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ko\u00e7 University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7021-6139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Ali","family":"\u015eendur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, 06800 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Ege University Medical Faculty, 35100 Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015euayib","family":"Yal\u00e7\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"394","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00825-3","article-title":"Global trends in hepatocellular carcinoma epidemiology: Implications for screening, prevention and therapy","volume":"20","author":"Singal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00240-3","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Llovet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007122","article-title":"Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: The BCLC staging classification","volume":"Volume 19","author":"Llovet","year":"1999","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2025.02.006","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Vogel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/00001574-200005000-00011","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"16","author":"Edwards","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101571","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"7","author":"Mauro","year":"2025","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.019","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"69","author":"Galle","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12818","article-title":"Global patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma management from diagnosis to death: The BRIDGE Study","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708857","article-title":"Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"359","author":"Llovet","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30207-1","article-title":"Lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial","volume":"391","author":"Kudo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915745","article-title":"Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"382","author":"Finn","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00403-9","article-title":"Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus lenvatinib or sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 9DW): An open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"405","author":"Yau","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"EVIDoa2100070","article-title":"Tremelimumab plus Durvalumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"1","author":"Lau","year":"2022","journal-title":"NEJM Evid."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.03.033","article-title":"Five-year overall survival update from the HIMALAYA study of tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable HCC","volume":"83","author":"Rimassa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70640","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70640","article-title":"Durvalumab-Tremelimumab in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Real-World Data From the LOR-HCC (Lombardy Real-World HCC Group)","volume":"46","author":"Canova","year":"2026","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-024-00458-7","article-title":"Early Clinical Outcomes of Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Real-World Comparison with First-Line or Later-Line Treatment","volume":"11","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs-Real World Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1159\/000542517","article-title":"First-Line Durvalumab plus Tremelimumab Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Real-World Clinical Practice","volume":"103","author":"Fujii","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"oyaf286","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyaf286","article-title":"First-line atezolizumab\/bevacizumab or durvalumab\/tremelimumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A real world, multicenter retrospective study","volume":"30","author":"Kournoutas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-025-01161-5","article-title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab Versus Tremelimumab Plus Durvalumab in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in a Real-World Setting","volume":"20","author":"Rossari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Target. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2021.201171","article-title":"Characteristics of Newly Diagnosed Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients across Turkey: Prospective Multicenter Observational 3K Registry Study","volume":"32","author":"Akarca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Honma, Y., Shibata, M., Ikemi, M., Yoshitomi, K., Shinohara, N., Ogino, N., Oe, S., Miyagawa, K., Abe, S., and Harada, M. (2025). Usefulness of the Early Increase of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Count in Predicting Clinical Outcomes for Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Durvalumab Plus Tremelimumab. Cancers, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17081274"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00f6hring, C., Berger, M., Sadeghlar, F., Zhou, X., Zhou, T., Monin, M.B., Shmanko, K., Welland, S., Sinner, F., and Schwacha-Eipper, B. (2025). Evaluating Sorafenib (SORA-2) as Second-Line Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A European Retrospective Multicenter Study. Cancers, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17060972"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101595","article-title":"Lenvatinib vs. sorafenib as second-line treatment post atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma: The LEVIATHAN study","volume":"7","author":"Lombardi","year":"2025","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000797","DOI":"10.1136\/esmoopen-2020-000797","article-title":"Ramucirumab in the second-line for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and elevated alpha-fetoprotein: Patient-reported outcomes across two randomised clinical trials","volume":"5","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30937-9","article-title":"Ramucirumab after sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and increased \u03b1-fetoprotein concentrations (REACH-2): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000714","DOI":"10.1136\/esmoopen-2020-000714","article-title":"Second-line cabozantinib after sorafenib treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A subgroup analysis of the phase 3 CELESTIAL trial","volume":"5","author":"Kelley","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32453-9","article-title":"Regorafenib for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib treatment (RESORCE): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"389","author":"Bruix","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.04.010","article-title":"Outcomes of sequential treatment with sorafenib followed by regorafenib for HCC: Additional analyses from the phase III RESORCE trial","volume":"69","author":"Finn","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng, Y., Zhang, M., Yao, Y., Wang, M., Xue, Z., Chen, Z., and Zhang, F. (2025). A real-world drug safety surveillance study from the FAERS database of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving durvalumab in combination with tremelimumab. Front. Immunol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1657398"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.11.030","article-title":"Updated efficacy and safety data from IMbrave150: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab vs. sorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"76","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"TPS636","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2023.41.4_suppl.TPS636","article-title":"RELATIVITY-106: A phase 1\/2 trial of nivolumab (NIVO) + relatlimab (RELA) in combination with bevacizumab (BEV) in first-line (1L) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)","volume":"41","author":"Sangro","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.05.116","article-title":"P-61 Relatlimab + nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who are naive to immuno-oncology therapy but progressed on tyrosine kinase inhibitors, a phase 2, randomized, open-label study: RELATIVITY-073","volume":"32","author":"Sangro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00679-X","article-title":"Tiragolumab in combination with atezolizumab and bevacizumab in patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (MORPHEUS-Liver): A randomised, open-label, phase 1b\u20132, study","volume":"26","author":"Finn","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1080\/14796694.2024.2355863","article-title":"IMbrave152\/SKYSCRAPER-14: A Phase III study of atezolizumab, bevacizumab and tiragolumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Badhrinarayanan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Futur. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/15\/15\/5997\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T12:05:40Z","timestamp":1785758740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/15\/15\/5997"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm15155997"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm15155997","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}}}