{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T04:44:15Z","timestamp":1786164255825,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) provide information on subjective visual function that is not fully captured by conventional clinical measures. This exploratory cross-sectional study evaluated item-level responses to an original 11-item questionnaire and their association with vision-related quality of life across ophthalmic diseases. Methods: A total of 262 participants, including patients with glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, cataract, and individuals with long-standing severe visual impairment, completed the questionnaire and the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25). Associations with age, disease category, and better-eye visual acuity were examined using correlation analyses, multivariable regression, and ordinal logistic models. Results: Perceived change in vision after treatment or disease management (A6) showed the most consistent item-level associations. A6 remained associated with age after adjustment for disease category and visual acuity (\u03b2 = \u22120.030, p &lt; 0.001), whereas visual acuity was not associated with questionnaire domains. A6 was negatively correlated with the VFQ-25 composite score (r = \u22120.693, p &lt; 0.001) and remained associated with this score in multivariable analysis (\u03b2 = \u22120.230, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Item-level PRO responses varied across clinical backgrounds and were not adequately explained by visual acuity alone. These findings suggest that patient-perceived visual change after treatment or disease management may provide complementary information on vision-related quality of life. Further studies using validated instruments and disease-specific severity measures are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15156128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T14:45:47Z","timestamp":1786027547000},"page":"6128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient-Reported Visual Function and Vision-Related Quality of Life Across Ophthalmic Diseases: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8506-8503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenji","family":"Kashiwagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo City 409-3898, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syowta","family":"Fukuba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bibai Suzuran Clinic, Bibai City 072-0011, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kasai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo City 409-3898, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiko","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo City 409-3898, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhei","family":"Hosoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo City 409-3898, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naohiko","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo City 409-3898, Japan"},{"name":"Tanabe Ophthalmic Clinic, Kai City 400-0117, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f167","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f167","article-title":"Patient reported outcome measures could help transform healthcare","volume":"346","author":"Black","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-3485.86879","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes: A new era in clinical research","volume":"2","author":"Deshpande","year":"2011","journal-title":"Perspect. 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