{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:26:35Z","timestamp":1787052395140,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To compare the cardiometabolic characteristics of patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI), with particular emphasis on their biochemical and echocardiographic profiles. Methods: This retrospective study included 67 patients with adrenal incidentalomas, classified as NFAI (n = 32) or MACS (n = 35) according to the post-1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) cortisol concentration. Clinical characteristics, hormonal profiles, metabolic parameters, conventional echocardiographic measurements, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were compared between the groups. Associations between GLS and biochemical parameters were evaluated using correlation analyses, with Benjamini\u2013Hochberg false discovery rate correction applied for multiple testing. Results: Compared with the NFAI group, patients with MACS had lower adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (13.0 \u00b1 7.1 vs. 18.6 \u00b1 9.7 pg\/mL, p = 0.008) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) concentrations (46.4 \u00b1 31.6 vs. 82.8 \u00b1 48.0 \u00b5g\/dL, p &lt; 0.001), as well as higher post-1-mg DST cortisol concentrations (3.4 \u00b1 1.3 vs. 1.2 \u00b1 0.5 \u00b5g\/dL, p &lt; 0.001). Triglyceride concentrations were also higher in the MACS group (165.3 \u00b1 70 vs. 129.4 \u00b1 90.2 m g\/dL, p = 0.004). Most conventional echocardiographic parameters were comparable between the groups. GLS did not differ significantly between NFAI and MACS patients (21.92 \u00b1 2.2 vs. 21.94 \u00b1 1.9, respectively; mean difference: 0.0, 95% CI: \u22121.0 to 1.0, p = 0.846). Nominal correlations between GLS and selected biochemical parameters did not remain statistically significant after false discovery rate correction. Conclusions: MACS was associated with distinct endocrine and metabolic characteristics compared with NFAI; however, no significant between-group difference in GLS was observed. These cross-sectional findings do not establish myocardial dysfunction or a temporal relationship between cortisol autonomy and cardiovascular alterations. Larger prospective longitudinal studies are required to clarify the cardiovascular implications of MACS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15166378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T10:22:52Z","timestamp":1787048572000},"page":"6378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Cardiometabolic Profiles in Patients with Nonfunctioning Adrenal Incidentalomas and Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4922-6556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabia","family":"Eker Akilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8847-7342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulcaz Perihan","family":"Aksoydan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6734-7311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omer","family":"Tepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osmaniye Education and Research Hospital, Osmaniye 80010, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0976-159X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gamze","family":"Akkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8427-4097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onur Sinan","family":"Deveci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5432-6709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anil","family":"Akray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iskenderun State Hospital, Hatay 31230, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0388-000X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imam","family":"Gunay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yozgat City Hospital, Yozgat 66100, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad066","article-title":"European Society of Endocrinology clinical practice guidelines on the management of adrenal incidentalomas, in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors","volume":"189","author":"Fassnacht","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. 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