{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T12:30:42Z","timestamp":1787574642089,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Sleep quality, anxiety symptoms, physical activity, musculoskeletal pain, and multimorbidity are interrelated health domains, but evidence examining these factors together among adults aged \u226550 years in Saudi Arabia remains limited. This study described their prevalence and assessed cross-sectional associations among these domains. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey using convenience sampling was conducted in Saudi Arabia between December 2024 and April 2025. Participants completed measures of musculoskeletal pain, self-reported morbidity, physical activity (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire), sleep quality (Brief Version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). Associations were examined using Spearman rank correlations and logistic regression with core adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The Benjamini\u2013Hochberg false discovery rate correction was applied to eight focal comparisons; Firth penalized logistic regression was applied as a sensitivity analysis for models in which multimorbidity was the outcome. Results: The sample included 298 adults (mean age 58.2 +\/\u2212 6.3 years; 75.5% male). Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 73.8%, multimorbidity by 8.4%, poor sleep by 43.3%, and moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms by 23.8%. Better sleep quality was moderately associated with lower anxiety severity (Spearman rho = \u22120.45, p &lt; 0.001). Poor sleep was associated with higher odds of moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms (OR 6.49, 95% CI 3.45\u201312.20), and low total physical activity was associated with higher odds of both moderate-to-severe anxiety symptoms (OR 7.87, 95% CI 2.68\u201323.08) and poor sleep (OR 5.09, 95% CI 2.40\u201310.83). These focal associations remained significant after FDR correction. In an exploratory sensitivity analysis, the poor sleep\u2013multimorbidity association remained comparable when Firth regression was applied (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.12\u20137.06; p = 0.027). Conclusions: In this online convenience sample of adults aged \u226550 years, sleep quality, anxiety symptoms, and total physical activity showed consistent cross-sectional associations. Findings involving multimorbidity were exploratory because of the limited number of events. These results require confirmation in representative longitudinal studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15176531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:47:19Z","timestamp":1787572039000},"page":"6531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Behavioral and Clinical Correlates of Poor Sleep and Anxiety Symptoms in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3436-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hammad S.","family":"Alhasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0294-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mansour Abdullah","family":"Alshehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.101860","article-title":"Global and Regional Prevalence of Multimorbidity in the Adult Population in Community Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"57","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2023","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00902-X","article-title":"Epidemiological and Demographic Trends and Projections in Global Health from 1970 to 2050: A Descriptive Analysis from the Third Lancet Commission on Investing in Health, Global Health 2050","volume":"406","author":"Chang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Souza, D.L.B., Oliveras-Fabregas, A., Minobes-Molina, E., de Camargo Cancela, M., Galbany-Estragu\u00e9s, P., and Jerez-Roig, J. 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