{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:27:36Z","timestamp":1789122456578,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Measurement of anterior chamber depth (ACD) is an important screening method for angle-closure glaucoma risk. We aimed to determine the precision and agreement of a smartphone-based method for measuring ACD when compared with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and Smith\u2019s technique. Methods: A total of 43 participants (22 female, 21 male) were recruited. The mean age \u00b1 standard deviation of participants was 21.9 \u00b1 2.1 years (range = 19\u201327 years). Three measurements were taken on each participant\u2019s right eye in a random order for each technique. For this comparative study, differences in ACD, test\u2013retest variability of a given method, and Bland\u2013Altman level of agreement were computed to compare differences in performance between all three methods. Results: Smith\u2019s technique over-estimated ACD, while smartphone photography under-estimated ACD, when compared to the reference AS-OCT. There was proportional bias between all three techniques. Smith\u2019s technique had the largest degree of variability, whereas there was no statistically significant difference in test\u2013retest variability between AS-OCT and smartphone photography. Conclusions: Zamir\u2019s smartphone photography technique could be used for measuring ACD. Although there are some limitations compared to other established approaches, smartphone photography may have potential as a low-cost screening tool for estimating ACD in settings where specialised equipment is not available. Further studies are required to establish diagnostic performance for angle-closure screening in clinically relevant populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15187048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T09:09:40Z","timestamp":1789117780000},"page":"7048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of a Smartphone-Based Method for Measuring Anterior Chamber Depth with Anterior Segment OCT and Smith\u2019s Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5390-5239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather R. M.","family":"Connor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5694-4500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke X.","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kingsley","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brooke","family":"Daws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique","family":"Jankovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh","family":"Luu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Mawdsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madi","family":"Pollock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie","family":"Whiley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2931-5052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda K.","family":"Edgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine (Optometry), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds 3216, Australia"},{"name":"Deakin Learning Futures, Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong 3220, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aopr.2021.100021","article-title":"The barriers to global eye care equity and the role of digital innovations","volume":"1","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. 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