{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:03:56Z","timestamp":1789578236189,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare intraocular malignancy that can frequently masquerade as chronic uveitis, leading to substantial diagnostic delay. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic contribution of clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in PVRL, to quantify the relationship between structural OCT findings and visual acuity (VA), and to identify factors associated with the yield of diagnostic vitrectomy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 17 patients with cytologically confirmed PVRL evaluated at two ophthalmology centers in Bucharest, Romania (2018\u20132023). Demographic, clinical, and OCT data were collected. An exploratory five-item OCT score (retinal infiltrates, sub-retinal pigment epithelium [sub-RPE] lesions, outer retinal hyperreflectivity, outer retinal disorganization, and foveal involvement) was constructed. Associations with VA (logMAR) were assessed using Spearman correlation, Mann\u2013Whitney U, and Fisher\u2019s exact tests. Results: Mean age was 66.1 \u00b1 9.6 years (76.5% female); 76.5% had bilateral involvement at diagnosis, rising to 88.2% during follow-up. Median symptom duration before diagnosis was 250 days. The OCT score correlated strongly with VA (\u03c1 = 0.772, p &lt; 0.001). Outer retinal hyperreflectivity, sub-RPE lesions, retinal infiltrates, and outer retinal disorganization were each associated with significantly worse VA (all p &lt; 0.05), whereas foveal involvement and subretinal fluid were not. A first vitrectomy was diagnostic in 82.4% of cases; prior corticosteroid exposure was significantly associated with an inconclusive initial cytology (Fisher\u2019s exact p = 0.015). Conclusions: OCT findings correlated with visual impairment may help stratify disease severity at diagnosis. Prior corticosteroid exposure was associated with a lower yield of first-attempt vitrectomy, supporting steroid withdrawal before biopsy when feasible. These OCT features occurred together rather than independently, and are therefore best interpreted as a single imaging phenotype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15187193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:07:29Z","timestamp":1789574849000},"page":"7193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnostic Value of Clinical and Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mihai-Luca","family":"Cioboat\u0103","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Institute of Ophthalmological Emergencies \u201cProf. Dr. Mircea Olteanu\u201d, 010464 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8235-4501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana","family":"Tofolean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Institute of Ophthalmological Emergencies \u201cProf. Dr. Mircea Olteanu\u201d, 010464 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Retina Clinic, 014142 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6128-2185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suher","family":"Abduraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Institute of Ophthalmological Emergencies \u201cProf. Dr. Mircea Olteanu\u201d, 010464 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radu","family":"Burcea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3748-8726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria-Alexandra","family":"Chiotan-C\u0103lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Institute of Ophthalmological Emergencies \u201cProf. Dr. Mircea Olteanu\u201d, 010464 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radu-Alexandru","family":"Chiotan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"National Institute of Pneumophthisiology \u201cMarius Nasta\u201d, 050159 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana-Margareta-Cornelia","family":"D\u0103sc\u0103lescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Institute of Ophthalmological Emergencies \u201cProf. Dr. Mircea Olteanu\u201d, 010464 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miruna","family":"Cioboat\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Institute of Ophthalmological Emergencies \u201cProf. Dr. Mircea Olteanu\u201d, 010464 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali R\u0131za Cenk","family":"\u00c7elebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Medipol University, 34196 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Balt\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Carol Davila University of Medicine & Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Institute of Ophthalmological Emergencies \u201cProf. Dr. Mircea Olteanu\u201d, 010464 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Retina Clinic, 014142 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020008235","article-title":"Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: A diagnostic 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Ophthalmol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/15\/18\/7193\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:29:00Z","timestamp":1789576140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/15\/18\/7193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm15187193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm15187193","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]}}}