{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:04:12Z","timestamp":1792789452067,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/031d5vw30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/031d5vw30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Clin. Med.","JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This retrospective observational study assessed 36-month final apical status after primary endodontic treatment and nonsurgical retreatment performed using different nickel\u2013titanium (NiTi) instrumentation systems and explored its association with available clinical and morphological variables. Methods: The study included 89 permanent teeth from 69 patients treated between January 2022 and January 2023. Teeth with periapical lesions and complete baseline and 36-month clinical and radiographic records were evaluated using a stringent binary endpoint in which complete healing required the absence of clinical signs or symptoms and residual apical radiolucency. Associations were examined primarily using univariable logistic generalized estimating equation (GEE) models accounting for clustering of teeth within patients, while Pearson\u2019s chi-square tests and Cohen\u2019s w were retained as supplementary unadjusted analyses. Because CBCT\/Diagnocat information could contribute to final outcome classification when available, Diagnocat-based CBCT availability was not analyzed as an explanatory variable. Results: Complete clinico-radiographic healing at 36 months was observed in 61 teeth (68.54%). When reported separately by treatment modality, complete healing was observed in 12 of 29 primary-treatment cases (41.38%) and in 49 of 60 nonsurgical retreatment cases (81.67%). Because treatment allocation was non-random and the groups differed in case characteristics, this contrast was considered exploratory rather than an estimate of comparative treatment effectiveness. Exploratory analyses showed no evidence of an association with the NiTi instrumentation system or type of NiTi motion. Conclusions: Subgroup comparisons were exploratory, unadjusted for multiple testing, and should not be interpreted as evidence of independent prognostic effects. Final apical status should therefore be interpreted within the broader context of treatment indication, tooth morphology, the method of outcome ascertainment, and the overall therapeutic protocol rather than attributed to a specific NiTi system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm15187256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T11:09:35Z","timestamp":1790075375000},"page":"7256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Three-Year Apical Outcomes in Teeth with Apical Periodontitis Following Primary Endodontic Treatment or Nonsurgical Retreatment: A Retrospective Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Cristian Marius","family":"B\u0103canu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5414-0031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian Niky","family":"Cump\u0103t\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3210-1212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru Dan","family":"Popescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Oana Andreea","family":"Diaconu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Carina Alexandra","family":"B\u0103nic\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6535-3152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela Jana","family":"\u0162uculin\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Denisa Alexandra","family":"Al Share","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentist, Dental Clinic, 1 Burebista Blvd., 031106 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"R\u0103escu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oro-Dental Prevention, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cTitu Maiorescu\u201d University Bucharest, 031593 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Ionescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Lelia Mihaela","family":"Gheorghi\u021b\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Dental Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13974","article-title":"Treatment of pulpal and apical disease: The European Society of Endodontology (ESE) S3-level clinical practice guideline","volume":"56","author":"Duncan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14067","article-title":"What is new in the 2023 European Society of Endodontology S3-level clinical practice guidelines?","volume":"57","author":"Immich","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(07)80180-4","article-title":"Factors affecting the long-term results of endodontic treatment","volume":"16","author":"Sjogren","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2007.01323.x","article-title":"Outcome of primary root canal treatment: Systematic review of the literature-Part 2. Influence of clinical factors","volume":"41","author":"Ng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13897","article-title":"Factors that affect the outcomes of root canal treatment and retreatment-A reframing of the principles","volume":"56","author":"Gulabivala","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14022","article-title":"Factors associated with the outcome of root canal treatment-A cohort study conducted in a private practice","volume":"57","author":"Vidmar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70175","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70175","article-title":"Evaluation of Root Canal Cleaning and Irrigant Penetration Using Different Irrigation Protocols: A Combined SEM and Single-Tooth Micro-CT Study","volume":"11","author":"Iandolo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dent. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13782","article-title":"Effectiveness of root canal instrumentation for the treatment of apical periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Arias","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13787","article-title":"Effectiveness of root canal filling materials and techniques for treatment of apical periodontitis: A systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Pirani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influence of sealer type on treatment outcome of teeth with apical periodontitis: A systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Brasil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Braz. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13793","article-title":"Non-surgical root canal treatment and retreatment versus apical surgery in treating apical periodontitis: A systematic review","volume":"56","author":"Bucchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pa\u017ein, B., Lauc, T., Petri\u010devi\u0107, G.K., Gabri\u0107, D., and Bago, I. (2025). Periapical Lesion Healing After Retreatment and Root Canal Filling with a Bioceramic-Based Sealer: A Randomized Clinical Study with 1-Year Follow-Up. J. Clin. Med., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14238267"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2025.09.008","article-title":"AAE and AAOMR Joint Position Statement: Use of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Endodontics 2025 Update","volume":"52","author":"Melo","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sunde, P.T., Giving, E., Dilshad, T., Handal, T., and \u00d8rstavik, D. (2025). Radiographic Outcome of Endodontic Treatment of Teeth with Primary Apical Periodontitis: Results from a Postgraduate Clinic. Dent. J., 13.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202510.1358.v1"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"e98601","article-title":"Clinical Outcomes of Nonsurgical Retreatment in Teeth With Persistent Apical Periodontitis: A Systematic Review","volume":"17","author":"Falatah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2026.01.005","article-title":"Long-Term Outcomes of Nonsurgical Endodontic Retreatment Performed by a Single Clinician in Private Practice: A Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"52","author":"Pannkuk","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.06.002","article-title":"Outcome of Nonsurgical Root Canal Retreatment Procedures Obturated with Warm Gutta-percha Techniques: A Longitudinal Clinical Study","volume":"49","author":"Olivieri","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.70059","article-title":"Monitoring Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis in Root-Filled Teeth-Results From a One-Year Follow-Up Prospective Study","volume":"59","author":"Yu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13501","article-title":"Outcome measures to assess the effectiveness of endodontic treatment for pulpitis and apical periodontitis for use in the development of European Society of Endodontology (ESE) S3 level clinical practice guidelines: A protocol","volume":"54","author":"Duncan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de-Figueiredo, F.E.D., Lima, L.F., Lima, G.S., Oliveira, L.S., Ribeiro, M.A., Brito-Junior, M., Correa, M.B., Sousa-Neto, M., and Faria-e-Silva, A.L. (2020). Apical periodontitis healing and postoperative pain following endodontic treatment with a reciprocating single-file, single-cone approach: A randomized controlled pragmatic clinical trial. PLoS ONE, 15, Erratum in PLoS ONE\u00a02020, 15, e0230511.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0230511"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.04.016","article-title":"A retrospective study of endodontic treatment outcome between nickel-titanium rotary and stainless steel hand filing techniques","volume":"35","author":"Cheung","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2182","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2182","article-title":"Reciproc vs. hand instrumentation in dental practice: A study in routine care","volume":"4","author":"Bartols","year":"2016","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8858283","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8858283","article-title":"Advances in the Role of Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigant in Chemical Preparation of Root Canal Treatment","volume":"2023","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13914","article-title":"Treatment outcome of surgical and non-surgical endodontic retreatment of teeth with apical periodontitis","volume":"56","author":"Stueland","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.01.013","article-title":"Outcome of Contemporary Nonsurgical Endodontic Retreatment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies","volume":"50","author":"Sabeti","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2025.03.004","article-title":"CBCT-Assessed Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Primary Endodontic Treatment and Retreatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"51","author":"Georgiou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-025-00850-1","article-title":"Impact of apical foramen diameter on periapical lesion volume and sphericity: A retrospective cone-beam computed tomography study","volume":"42","author":"Souza","year":"2026","journal-title":"Oral Radiol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barakat, R., Almohareb, R., Alsawah, G., Busuhail, H., Alshihri, S.A., Alrashid, G.T., Alotaibi, G.Y., and Hebbal, M. (2025). Factors Influencing the Long-Term Survival and Success of Endodontically Treated and Retreated Teeth: An Ambispective Study at an Educational Hospital. J. Clin. Med., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14217826"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2025.105662","article-title":"Long-term survival of endodontically treated teeth: A retrospective analysis of predictive factors at a German dental school","volume":"156","author":"Vu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2023.09.022","article-title":"Risk factors associated with the survival of endodontically treated teeth: A retrospective chart review","volume":"155","author":"Chang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Dent. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2021.11.009","article-title":"Clinical performance of direct composite resin versus indirect restorations on endodontically treated posterior teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"130","author":"Cune","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Prosthet. Dent."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2021.09.019","article-title":"A Scoping Review of 4 Decades of Outcomes in Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment, Nonsurgical Retreatment, and Apexification Studies-Part 2: Outcome Measures","volume":"48","author":"Azarpazhooh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-025-06592-y","article-title":"Factors affecting long-term success and survival in non-surgical root canal retreatment; a retrospective cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Er","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8823070","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/8823070","article-title":"Assessment of Anatomical Dentin Thickness in Mandibular First Molar: An In Vivo Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study","volume":"2024","author":"Choudhari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Dent."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2018.08.006","article-title":"Cone-beam Computed Tomography Compared with Intraoral Radiographic Lesions in Endodontic Outcome Studies: A Systematic Review","volume":"44","author":"Aminoshariae","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.08.020","article-title":"A Survey on Cone-beam Computed Tomography Usage Among Endodontists in the United States","volume":"49","author":"Duong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"33","article-title":"Investigating the Efficacy of the Metal Artifact Reduction Algorithm in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images for Endodontic and Restorative Materials","volume":"39","author":"Abdinian","year":"2025","journal-title":"G. Ital. Endod."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.14744\/eej.2025.09821","article-title":"Periapical Healing Following Root Canal Treatment with Narrow (0.04) Or Wide (0.07) Preparation Tapers in Private Practice: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study","volume":"10","author":"Rhodes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.70008","article-title":"Effect of Type of Coronal Restoration on Periapical Healing and Tooth Survival of Root Filled Teeth: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"51","author":"Kaaber","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aust. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s44445-025-00021-2","article-title":"The outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment and retreatment assessed by CBCT: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Almufleh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Saudi Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-025-8453-5","article-title":"Success and failure of endodontic treatment: Predictability, complications, challenges and maintenance","volume":"238","author":"Mehta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.09.006","article-title":"Outcome of Nonsurgical Root Canal Retreatment of Teeth with Persistent Apical Periodontitis Treated with Foraminal Enlargement and 2% Chlorhexidine Gel: A Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"50","author":"Baltieri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2020.10.020","article-title":"Four-year Outcome of Nonsurgical Root Canal Retreatment Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"47","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Durmazp\u0131nar, P.M., Kamal\u0131, S.G., A\u011fral\u0131, \u00d6.B., T\u00fcrkayd\u0131n, D., and \u00d6ve\u00e7o\u011flu, H.S. (2025). The effect of periodontal status and coronal restoration quality on early and late term failures in root canal-treated teeth. BMC Oral Health, 25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06752-2"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.03.007","article-title":"Clinical and Radiographic Failure of Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment and Retreatment Using Single-cone Technique With Calcium Silicate-based Sealers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Sabeti","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-06132-0","article-title":"Clinical and imaging aspects associated with persistent apical periodontitis: Subsides for the treatment decision-making process","volume":"29","author":"Petean","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13986","article-title":"Outcome of single-visit root canal treatment with or without MTAD: A randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"57","author":"Yildiz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I\u015f\u0131k, M., and Ayd\u0131n, Z.U. (2024). Effect of different obturation techniques on treatment results in single-visit non-surgical endodontic retreatment: Randomized controlled clinical study. BMC Oral Health, 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-05240-3"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.54589\/aol.37\/3\/203","article-title":"Twelve-month healing rates after endodontic therapy with foraminal cleaning using 2% chlorhexidine in mandibular molars diagnosed with apical periodontitis: A prospective clinical study","volume":"37","author":"Almeida","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta. Odontol. Latinoam."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13993","article-title":"Predictors of periapical bone healing associated with teeth having large periapical lesions following nonsurgical root canal treatment or retreatment: A cone beam computed tomography-based retrospective study","volume":"57","author":"Sans","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.14744\/eej.2024.75537","article-title":"Three-year Clinical Outcome of Root Canal Treatment Using a Single-cone Technique and Ceraseal Premixed Bioceramic Sealer: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"9","author":"Spinelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14265","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of root canal treatment at 2\u2009years using a new ready-to-use injectable calcium silicate-based sealer: A multicentric randomised controlled trial","volume":"58","author":"Simon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2025.02.001","article-title":"Five-Year Outcomes of Root Canal Treatment Comparing Sealer-Based Obturation With Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer to Continuous Wave of Condensation: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"51","author":"Seog","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Endod."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tahmaz, A.U., Ersahan, S., Erkan, E., Hepsenoglu, Y.E., Ozcelik, F., Tekin, A., and Gundogar, M. (2026). Endodontic treatment outcomes in apical periodontitis cases by the lateral condensation versus warm vertical compaction techniques: A one-year follow-up study. BMC Oral Health, 26.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-026-08425-0"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-026-06884-x","article-title":"Five-year clinical outcomes of root canal treatment using a calcium silicate-based sealer in teeth with apical periodontitis: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"30","author":"Cardinali","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/15\/18\/7256\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:35:28Z","timestamp":1790242528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/15\/18\/7256"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm15187256"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm15187256","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]}}}