{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T22:52:11Z","timestamp":1789253531538,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]],"date-time":"2015-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006293","name":"American Society of Clinical Oncology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006293","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA23766"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA23766"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Graft versus host disease (GVHD) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality associated with conventional allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). The use of T-cell depletion significantly reduces this complication. Recent prospective and retrospective data suggest that, in patients with AML in first complete remission, CD34+ selected grafts afford overall and relapse-free survival comparable to those observed in recipients of conventional grafts, while significantly decreasing GVHD. In addition, CD34+ selected grafts allow older patients, and those with medical comorbidities or with only HLA-mismatched donors to successfully undergo transplantation. Prospective data are needed to further define which groups of patients with AML are most likely to benefit from CD34+ selected grafts. Here we review the history of T-cell depletion in AML, and techniques used. We then summarize the contemporary literature using CD34+ selection in recipients of matched or partially mismatched donors (7\/8 or 8\/8 HLA-matched), and provide a summary of the risks and benefits of using T-cell depletion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm4030488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]],"date-time":"2015-03-19T10:38:57Z","timestamp":1426761537000},"page":"488-503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Effects of T-Cell Depletion on Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Outcomes in AML Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adult Leukemia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel-Angel","family":"Perales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA"},{"name":"Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.813","article-title":"Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials","volume":"301","author":"Koreth","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2912","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-05-2004","article-title":"Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT)-specific comorbidity index: A new tool for risk assessment before allogeneic HCT","volume":"106","author":"Sorror","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V67.5.1302.1302","article-title":"Depletion of donor lymphocytes by counterflow centrifugation successfully prevents acute graft-versus-host disease in matched allogeneic marrow transplantation","volume":"67","author":"Hoogenhout","year":"1986","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V72.4.1168.1168","article-title":"Lymphocyte depletion of donor bone marrow by counterflow centrifugal elutriation: Results of a phase I clinical trial","volume":"72","author":"Wagner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66996-6","article-title":"Effect of graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis on 3-year disease-free survival in recipients of unrelated donor bone marrow (T-cell Depletion Trial): A multi-centre, randomised phase II-III trial","volume":"366","author":"Wagner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V61.2.341.341","article-title":"Transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency with HLA-A,B,D,DR incompatible parental marrow cells fractionated by soybean agglutinin and sheep red blood cells","volume":"61","author":"Reisner","year":"1983","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)90647-4","article-title":"Transplantation for acute leukaemia with HLA-A and B nonidentical parental marrow cells fractionated with soybean agglutinin and sheep red blood cells","volume":"2","author":"Reisner","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3380","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V79.12.3380.3380","article-title":"T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in adults with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in first remission","volume":"79","author":"Young","year":"1992","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.3.1083","article-title":"T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as postremission therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia: Freedom from relapse in the absence of graft-versus-host disease","volume":"91","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.5.1545","article-title":"Improved outcome with T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia","volume":"17","author":"Aversa","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)92619-8","article-title":"Use of anti-T-cell monoclonal antibody OKT3 to prevent acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation for acute leukaemia","volume":"1","author":"Prentice","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)92840-9","article-title":"Pretreatment of donor bone marrow with monoclonal antibody OKT3 for prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic histocompatible bone-marrow transplantation","volume":"1","author":"Filipovich","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92848-4","article-title":"Depletion of T lymphocytes in donor marrow prevents significant graft-versus-host disease in matched allogeneic leukaemic marrow transplant recipients","volume":"1","author":"Prentice","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00915282","article-title":"Preincubation of donor bone marrow cells with a combination of murine monoclonal anti-T-cell antibodies without complement does not prevent graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic marrow transplantation","volume":"4","author":"Martin","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V66.3.664.664","article-title":"Effects of in vitro depletion of T cells in HLA-identical allogeneic marrow grafts","volume":"66","author":"Martin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198502000-00006","article-title":"Removal of marrow T cells with OKT3-OKT11 monoclonal antibodies and complement to prevent acute graft-versus-host disease. A pilot study in ten patients","volume":"39","author":"Herve","year":"1985","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"377","article-title":"Clinical trial depleting T lymphocytes from donor marrow for matched and mismatched allogeneic bone marrow transplants","volume":"69","author":"Trigg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-105-1-20","article-title":"Treatment of donor bone marrow with monoclonal anti-T-cell antibody and complement for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease. A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial","volume":"105","author":"Mitsuyasu","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1986.tb05544.x","article-title":"Graft rejection following HLA matched T-lymphocyte depleted bone marrow transplantation","volume":"63","author":"Patterson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90763-X","article-title":"Impact of T-cell depletion on outcome of allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation for standard-risk leukaemias","volume":"2","author":"Maraninchi","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"345","article-title":"Marrow transplantation from HLA non-identical family donors for the treatment of leukaemia: A pilot study of 15 patients using additional immunosuppression and T-cell depletion","volume":"69","author":"Cahn","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"437","article-title":"Effects of treating marrow with a CD3-specific immunotoxin for prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"3","author":"Martin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"367","article-title":"Donor bone marrow treatment with T101 Fab fragment-ricin A-chain immunotoxin prevents graft-versus-host disease","volume":"4","author":"Laurent","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199009000-00011","article-title":"T cell depletion with anti-CD5 immunotoxin in histocompatible bone marrow transplantation. The correlation between residual CD5 negative T cells and subsequent graft-versus-host disease","volume":"50","author":"Filipovich","year":"1990","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V78.8.2139.2139","article-title":"Selective depletion of bone marrow T lymphocytes with anti-CD5 monoclonal antibodies: Effective prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease in patients with hematologic malignancies","volume":"78","author":"Antin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3039","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.8.3039","article-title":"CD6-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia in first complete remission","volume":"89","author":"Soiffer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701271","article-title":"CD6+ T cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"21","author":"Soiffer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1053\/bbmt.2002.v8.abbmt080601","article-title":"Comparable outcome with T-cell-depleted unrelated-donor versus related-donor allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Alyea","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-03-0984","article-title":"Comparison of T-cell-depleted and non-T-cell-depleted unrelated donor transplantation for hematologic diseases: Clinical outcomes, quality of life, and costs","volume":"100","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"3996","article-title":"T-cell depletion of bone marrow transplants for leukemia from donors other than HLA-identical siblings: Advantage of T-cell antibodies with narrow specificities","volume":"95","author":"Champlin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703154","article-title":"Allogeneic transplantation of CD34+-selected cells from peripheral blood in patients with myeloid malignancies in early phase: A case control comparison with unmodified peripheral blood transplantation","volume":"28","author":"Brunet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4552","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-06-093880","article-title":"T cell depleted stem-cell transplantation for adults with hematologic malignancies: Sustained engraftment of HLA-matched related donor grafts without the use of antithymocyte globulin","volume":"110","author":"Jakubowski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2011.01.005","article-title":"T Cell-Depleted Unrelated Donor Stem Cell Transplantation Provides Favorable Disease-Free Survival for Adults with Hematologic Malignancies","volume":"17","author":"Jakubowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2011.02.002","article-title":"Low risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease and relapse associated with T cell-depleted peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia in first remission: Results of the blood and marrow transplant clinical trials network protocol 0303","volume":"17","author":"Devine","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2007.07.001","article-title":"Haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in adults using CD3\/CD19 depletion and reduced intensity conditioning: An update","volume":"40","author":"Bethge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood Cells Mol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2013.02.018","article-title":"Ex Vivo T Cell Depleted versus Unmodified Allografts in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Complete Remission","volume":"19","author":"Bayraktar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3447","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.09.117","article-title":"Full haplotype-mismatched hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: A phase II study in patients with acute leukemia at high risk of relapse","volume":"23","author":"Aversa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-03-563817","article-title":"HLA-haploidentical stem cell transplantation after removal of alphabeta+ T and B cells in children with nonmalignant disorders","volume":"124","author":"Bertaina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.01.015","article-title":"HLA-haploidentical T cell-depleted allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with Fanconi anemia","volume":"20","author":"Zecca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12810","article-title":"Transplantation of CD3\/CD19 depleted allografts from haploidentical family donors in paediatric leukaemia","volume":"165","author":"Lang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1179\/1607845413Y.0000000088","article-title":"Feasibility of an outpatient HLA haploidentical stem cell transplantation program in children using a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen and CD3-CD19 depletion","volume":"19","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V68.3.770.770","article-title":"Clonable T lymphocytes in T cell-depleted bone marrow transplants correlate with development of graft-v-host disease","volume":"68","author":"Kernan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.2.561","article-title":"Comparative outcomes of T-cell-depleted and non-T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia: Impact of donor lymphocyte infusion","volume":"17","author":"Sehn","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3194","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.41.7071","article-title":"Comparative outcomes of donor graft CD34+ selection and immune suppressive therapy as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis for patients with acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission undergoing HLA-matched sibling allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Pasquini","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3370","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V122.21.3370.3370","article-title":"Outcomes in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in First or Second Complete Remission Receiving Ex-Vivo T-Cell Depleted or Unmodified Allografts: Comparison of Results At Two Institutions","volume":"122","author":"Hobbs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V78.8.2120.2120","article-title":"T-cell depletion of HLA-identical transplants in leukemia","volume":"78","author":"Marmont","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/00062752-199603060-00010","article-title":"Immunologic reconstitution following stem cell transplantation","volume":"3","author":"Small","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V93.2.467","article-title":"Comparison of immune reconstitution after unrelated and related T-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation: Effect of patient age and donor leukocyte infusions","volume":"93","author":"Small","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3224","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-11-251595","article-title":"High-dose cyclophosphamide as single-agent, short-course prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease","volume":"115","author":"Luznik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3817","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-07-587477","article-title":"Single-agent GVHD prophylaxis with posttransplantation cyclophosphamide after myeloablative, HLA-matched BMT for AML, ALL, and MDS","volume":"124","author":"Kanakry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3497","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.0625","article-title":"Multi-institutional study of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide as single-agent graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation using myeloablative busulfan and fludarabine conditioning","volume":"32","author":"Kanakry","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8652(199702)54:2<131::AID-AJH6>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Infectious morbidity in long-term survivors of allogeneic marrow transplantation is associated with low CD4 T cell counts","volume":"54","author":"Storek","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199703273361301","article-title":"Solid cancers after bone marrow transplantation","volume":"336","author":"Curtis","year":"1997","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"65","article-title":"Immune reconstitution following T-cell depleted bone marrow transplantation: Effect of age and posttransplant graft rejection prophylaxis","volume":"3","author":"Small","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3100","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of T cell repertoire recovery after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"19","author":"Ceberio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V100.6.2235","article-title":"Direct evidence for new T-cell generation by patients after either T-cell-depleted or unmodified allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations","volume":"100","author":"Lewin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.5.1458","article-title":"Factors affecting thymic function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"97","author":"Weinberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6477","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-09-176594","article-title":"Acute graft-versus-host disease transiently impairs thymic output in young patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"113","author":"Clave","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2011.02530.x","article-title":"The impact of early viral infections and graft-versus-host disease on immune reconstitution following paediatric stem cell transplantation","volume":"73","author":"Olkinuora","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705762","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of patients treated with daclizumab for steroid-refractory acute graft-vs.-host disease","volume":"40","author":"Perales","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2001.02582.x","article-title":"Treatment of steroid refractory acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease with daclizumab","volume":"112","author":"Willenbacher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1053\/bbmt.2002.v8.pm11939605","article-title":"Poor outcome in steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease with antithymocyte globulin treatment","volume":"8","author":"Arai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1089\/15258160050079470","article-title":"Treatment of steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease with rabbit antithymocyte globulin","volume":"9","author":"McCaul","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Hematother. Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703032","article-title":"Treatment of steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease with anti-thymocyte globulin","volume":"27","author":"Khoury","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3505","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.13.3505","article-title":"Immunity of patients surviving 20 to 30 years after allogeneic or syngeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"98","author":"Storek","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"413","article-title":"T cell reconstitution after bone marrow transplantation into adult patients does not resemble T cell development in early life","volume":"16","author":"Storek","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2012.09048.x","article-title":"T cell depletion utilizing CD34(+) stem cell selection and CD3(+) addback from unrelated adult donors in paediatric allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients","volume":"157","author":"Geyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.186","article-title":"Haploidentical related-donor hematopoietic cell transplantation in children using megadoses of CliniMACs-selected CD34(+) cells and a fixed CD3(+) dose","volume":"48","author":"Dvorak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.87","article-title":"Clinical and immunologic outcomes following haplocompatible donor lymphocyte infusions","volume":"44","author":"Dvorak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2831","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is required for postnatal thymic regeneration","volume":"107","author":"Alpdogan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-05-155697","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor enhances DNA plasmid tumor vaccine responses after murine allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"113","author":"Jenq","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12169","article-title":"Clinical applications of palifermin: Amelioration of oral mucositis and other potential indications","volume":"17","author":"Goldberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4882","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-06-437236","article-title":"Recombinant human interleukin-7 (CYT107) promotes T-cell recovery after allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"120","author":"Perales","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.1765","article-title":"Treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia by low-dose, total-body, irradiation-based conditioning and hematopoietic cell transplantation from related and unrelated donors","volume":"24","author":"Hegenbart","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403967","article-title":"Comparative outcome of reduced intensity and myeloablative conditioning regimen in HLA identical sibling allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients older than 50 years of age with acute myeloblastic leukaemia: A retrospective survey from the Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP) of the European group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)","volume":"19","author":"Aoudjhane","year":"2005","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-007-0059-2","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific T-cells of donor type for immunotherapy of viral infections following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants","volume":"38","author":"Doubrovina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2262","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V114.22.2262.2262","article-title":"A Phase I Dose Escalation Trial of Donor T Cells Sensitized with Pentadecapeptides of the CMV-pp65 Protein for the Treatment of CMV Infections Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants","volume":"114","author":"Koehne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-08-371971","article-title":"Adoptive immunotherapy with unselected or EBV-specific T cells for biopsy-proven EBV+ lymphomas after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"119","author":"Doubrovina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3745","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-08-448977","article-title":"Donor-derived CMV-specific T cells reduce the requirement for CMV-directed pharmacotherapy after allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"121","author":"Blyth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/4\/3\/488\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:43:44Z","timestamp":1760215424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/4\/3\/488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm4030488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm4030488","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]]}}}