{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T18:16:24Z","timestamp":1789409784587,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]],"date-time":"2018-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The applications of the 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing has expanded our knowledge of the respiratory tract microbiome originally obtained using conventional, culture-based methods. In this study, we employed DNA-based molecular techniques for examining the sputum microbiome in bronchiectasis patients, in relation to disease severity. Of the sixty-three study subjects, forty-two had mild and twenty-one had moderate or severe bronchiectasis, which was classified by calculating the FACED score, based on the FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, %) (F, 0\u20132 points), age (A, 0\u20132 points), chronic colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (C, 0\u20131 point), radiographic extension (E, 0\u20131 point), and dyspnoea (D, 0\u20131 point). Bronchiectasis was defined as mild, at 0\u20132 points, moderate at 3\u20134 points, and severe at 5\u20137 points. The mean age was 68.0 \u00b1 9.3 years; thirty-three patients were women. Haemophilus (p = 0.005) and Rothia (p = 0.043) were significantly more abundant in the mild bronchiectasis group, whereas Pseudomonas (p = 0.031) was significantly more abundant in the moderate or severe group. However, in terms of the alpha and beta diversity, the sputum microbiota of the two groups did not significantly differ, i.e., the same dominant genera were found in all samples. Further large-scale studies are needed to investigate the sputum microbiome in bronchiectasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7110429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]],"date-time":"2018-11-09T03:08:02Z","timestamp":1541732882000},"page":"429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Characterization of Microbiota in Bronchiectasis Patients with Different Disease Severities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7706-5318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YeonJoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong Sun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Jae","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho Il","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Choon-Taek","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khoo, J.K., Venning, V., Wong, C., and Jayaram, L. 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