{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T04:41:42Z","timestamp":1778560902876,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of our study was to investigate the association between global spinal alignment, spinopelvic parameters, and outcomes of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Patients with vertebral compression fractures seen at our hospital between October 2017 and November of 2018 with a bone mineral density (BMD) T-score &lt; \u22122.5 were recruited for the study. Surgical intervention was performed after eight weeks of conservative treatment depending on clinical symptoms and the willingness of patients. Spinopelvic and sagittal alignment parameters were compared between patients who had surgery and those that did not. Seventy-nine patients were included in the study. Twenty-five patients (31.6%, mean age: 73.28 \u00b1 9.78 years) received surgery, and 54 (68.3%, mean age: 73 \u00b1 8.58 years) conservative treatment only. Pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, and local kyphotic angle were statistically different between the groups (all p &lt; 0.05). A sagittal vertical axis \u2265 50 mm, distance between the C7 plumb line and the center of the fractured vertebra (DSVA) \u2265 60 mm, pelvic incidence outside of the range of 44 to 62\u00b0), and pelvic tilt \u2265 27\u00b0 were associted with the need for surgical intervention. Measurement of spinopelvic parameters can predict the need for surgery in patients with OVCF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8040501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T12:55:04Z","timestamp":1555073704000},"page":"501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Factors Predicting the Surgical Risk of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Fu-Cheng","family":"Kao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9928-1567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping-Yeh","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9154-8850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Kai","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7776-7627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsung-Ting","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spine Section, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650070214","article-title":"Incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: A population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota, 1985\u20131989","volume":"7","author":"Cooper","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.061113","article-title":"Incidence and economic burden of osteoporosis-related fractures in the United States, 2005\u20132025","volume":"22","author":"Burge","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185S","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00500-5","article-title":"The clinical impact of vertebral fractures: Quality of life in women with osteoporosis","volume":"18","author":"Gold","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/28.2.224","article-title":"Women with osteoporosis: The role of the family and service community","volume":"28","author":"Roberto","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.94B2.26894","article-title":"Conservative management of patients with an osteoporotic vertebral fracture: A review of the literature","volume":"94","author":"Longo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Br."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2007.05.008","article-title":"Conservative care for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures","volume":"18","author":"Prather","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Rehabil. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.4103\/2319-4170.112544","article-title":"Current concepts of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: Evidence-based review","volume":"36","author":"Hsieh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B9.26152","article-title":"Treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A brief review of the evidence for percutaneous vertebroplasty","volume":"93","author":"Muijs","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Br."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"111","article-title":"Vertebral compression fractures in the elderly","volume":"69","author":"Old","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Phys."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.70.5.455","article-title":"The Pediatric Spine; Principles and Practice","volume":"70","author":"Dorgan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S42","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000462077.50830.1a","article-title":"Implications of spinopelvic alignment for the spine surgeon","volume":"76","author":"Mehta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ee6bd4","article-title":"Adult spinal deformity-postoperative standing imbalance: How much can you tolerate? An overview of key parameters in assessing alignment and planning corrective surgery","volume":"35","author":"Schwab","year":"2010","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-014-3021-x","article-title":"The relationship between the spinopelvic balance and the incidence of adjacent vertebral fractures following percutaneous vertebroplasty","volume":"26","author":"Baek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-016-1844-1","article-title":"Does spinopelvic alignment affect the union status in thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture?","volume":"27","author":"Iwata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Orthop. Surg. Traumatol."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"627","article-title":"Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for medical diagnostic test evaluation","volume":"4","year":"2013","journal-title":"Casp. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3762651","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3762651","article-title":"Defining an optimal cut-point value in ROC analysis: An alternative approach","volume":"2017","author":"Unal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput. Math. Methods Med."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"128","article-title":"Sagittal balance of the spine\u2014Clinical importance and radiographic assessment","volume":"154","author":"Decker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Z. Orthop. Unfall."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1177\/230949901602400121","article-title":"Relationship among cervical, thoracic, and lumbopelvic sagittal alignment in healthy adults","volume":"24","author":"Endo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817886a2","article-title":"Standing balance and sagittal plane spinal deformity: Analysis of spinopelvic and gravity line parameters","volume":"33","author":"Lafage","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2014.02.006","article-title":"Balance control in elderly people with osteoporosis","volume":"113","author":"Hsu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Formos. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-014-2516-6","article-title":"Evidence showing the relationship between sagittal balance and clinical outcomes in surgical treatment of degenerative spinal diseases: A literature review","volume":"39","author":"Faundez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Orthop."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.1.FOCUS13551","article-title":"Etiology of lumbar lordosis and its pathophysiology: A review of the evolution of lumbar lordosis, and the mechanics and biology of lumbar degeneration","volume":"36","author":"Sparrey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2010.3099","article-title":"Age-related hyperkyphosis: Its causes, consequences, and management","volume":"40","author":"Katzman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-013-2672-1","article-title":"Prediction of sagittal balance in patients with osteoporosis using spinopelvic parameters","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.2.SPINE11320","article-title":"Impact of spinopelvic alignment on decision making in deformity surgery in adults: A review","volume":"16","author":"Ames","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Spine"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1476-9","article-title":"Sagittal plane deformity: An overview of interpretation and management","volume":"19","author":"Roussouly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-0984-5","article-title":"Sagittal alignment of spine and pelvis regulated by pelvic incidence: Standard values and prediction of lordosis","volume":"15","author":"Boulay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2015.9.2.162","article-title":"What is the effect of spino-pelvic sagittal parameters and back muscles on osteoporotic vertebral fracture?","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Spine J."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0294-6","article-title":"Sagittal balance of the pelvis-spine complex and lumbar degenerative diseases. A comparative study about 85 cases","volume":"16","author":"Barrey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"227","article-title":"Sagittal spinopelvic balance in normal children and adolescents","volume":"16","author":"Labelle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1923-2","article-title":"Age- and sex-related variations in sagittal sacropelvic morphology and balance in asymptomatic adults","volume":"20","author":"Roussouly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.06.005","article-title":"Influence of posture on relationships between pelvic parameters and lumbar lordosis: Comparison of the standing, seated, and supine positions. A preliminary study","volume":"104","author":"Chevillotte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3637-8","article-title":"Relationship between sagittal spinal alignment and the incidence of vertebral fracture in menopausal women with osteoporosis: A multicenter longitudinal follow-up study","volume":"24","author":"Dai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.D.02043","article-title":"Radiographic analysis of the sagittal alignment and balance of the spine in asymptomatic subjects","volume":"87","author":"Vialle","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.12.019","article-title":"Risk factors for recollapse of the augmented vertebrae after percutaneous vertebral augmentation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"111","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"209","article-title":"Analysis of related factors on the vertebral height restoration of percutaneous vertebral augmentation","volume":"5","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Osteoporos. Phys. Act."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"815286","article-title":"Percutaneous vertebral body augmentation: An updated review","volume":"2014","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"205","article-title":"Vertebral compression fractures: A review of current management and multimodal therapy","volume":"6","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Multidiscip. Healthc."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2017-0046","article-title":"Impact of spino-pelvic and global spinal alignment on the risk of osteoporotic vertebral collapse","volume":"2","author":"Ohnishi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine Surg. Relat. Res. (SSRR)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/8\/4\/501\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:44:54Z","timestamp":1760186694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/8\/4\/501"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["jcm8040501"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8040501","relation":{},"ISSN":["2077-0383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2077-0383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]]}}}