{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T08:21:24Z","timestamp":1769242884685,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Forschungskommission Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany","award":["9772447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9772447"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Major blood loss during cardiac surgery is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Clinical pilot studies indicated that preoperative fibrinogen supplementation reduces postoperative blood loss without increasing thrombotic complications. However, an increase in fibrinogen concentration might rather aggravate pre-existing thrombosis than increase the incidence of thrombotic events. Therefore, we investigated, in the present study, whether fibrinogen supplementation influences (1) arterial thrombus formation, (2) the extent of myocardial infarction and (3) the cardioprotective effect of ischaemic preconditioning. Arterial thrombogenesis of the femoral artery was induced by topic FeCl3 treatment in anaesthetised Wistar rats after pretreatment with 60 mg\/kg (Fiblow), 120 mg\/kg (Fibhigh) or vehicle (Con). Vessel blood flow was monitored, and time to vessel occlusion was analysed as a marker for arterial thrombogenesis. In addition, regional myocardial I\/R injury was induced by temporary left coronary artery occlusion in rats pretreated with or without fibrinogen supplementation. In additional groups, ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) was induced by 3 cycles of 5 min of ischaemia\/reperfusion. In all groups, myocardial infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazoliumchlorid staining. Arterial thrombogenesis was not affected by fibrinogen pretreatment. No differences in time until vessel occlusion between Con, Fiblow and Fibhigh groups were observed. In addition, fibrinogen supplementation in low and high concentrations had no effect on infarct size after regional myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion (Fiblow: 66 \u00b1 10%, Fibhigh: 62 \u00b1 9%; each ns vs. Con). IPC reduced infarct size from 62 \u00b1 14% to 34 \u00b1 12% (p &lt; 0.05 vs. Con). Furthermore, both fibrinogen concentrations did not affect cardioprotection by ischaemic preconditioning (Fiblow + IPC: 34 \u00b1 11%, Fibhigh + IPC: 31 \u00b1 13%; each ns vs. IPC). Haemotherapy with fibrinogen did not affect arterial thrombogenesis, myocardial infarction and the cardioprotective effect of ischaemic preconditioning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8060880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T10:43:32Z","timestamp":1560941012000},"page":"880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Haemotherapy with Fibrinogen for Perioperative Bleeding Prevention\u2014A View on Arterial Thrombogenesis and Myocardial Infarction in the Rat In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Heinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Welke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Friederike","family":"Behmenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Stroethoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Stoldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Till","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus W.","family":"Hollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), Location AMC, Meiberdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ragnar","family":"Huhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(96)70380-X","article-title":"Reexploration for bleeding is a risk factor for adverse outcomes after cardiac operations","volume":"111","author":"Moulton","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. 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