{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T10:15:58Z","timestamp":1790504158338,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]],"date-time":"2019-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objectives: Preeclampsia (PE) is a risk factor for kidney diseases; egg-donation (ED) increasingly used for overcoming fertility reduction, is a risk factor for PE. CKD is also a risk factor for PE. However, kidney function is not routinely assessed in ED pregnancies. Objective of the study is seeking to assess the importance of kidney function and maternal comorbidity in ED pregnancies. Design, setting, participants and measurements. Design: retrospective observational study from clinical charts. Setting: Sant\u2019Anna Hospital, Turin, Italy (over 7000 deliveries per year). Selection: cases: 296 singleton pregnancies from ED (gestation &gt; 24 weeks), who delivered January 2008\u2013February 2019. Controls were selected from the TOrino Cagliari Observational Study (1407 low-risk singleton pregnancies 2009\u20132016). Measurements: Standard descriptive analysis. Logistic multiple regression analysis tested: PE; pregnancy-induced hypertension; preterm delivery; small for gestational age; explicatory variables: age; BMI; parity; comorbidity (kidney diseases; immunologic diseases; thyroid diseases; other). Delivery over time was analyzed according to Kaplan Meier; ROC (Relative Operating Characteristic) curves were tested for PE and pre-term delivery, employing serum creatinine and e-GFR as continuous variables. The analysis was performed with SPSS v.14.0 and MedCalc v.18. Results: In keeping with ED indications, maternal age was high (44 years). Comorbidity was common: at least one potential comorbid factor was found in about 40% of the cases (kidney disease: 3.7%, immunologic 6.4%, thyroid disease 18.9%, other-including hypertension, previous neoplasia and all other relevant diseases\u201410.8%). No difference in age, parity and BMI is observed in ED women with and without comorbidity. Patients with baseline renal disease or \u201cother\u201d comorbidity had a higher risk of developing PE or preterm delivery after ED. PE was recorded in 23% vs. 9%, OR: 2.513 (CI 1.066\u20135.923; p = 0.039); preterm delivery: 30.2% vs. 14%, OR 2.565 (CI: 1.198\u20135.488; p = 0.044). Limiting the analysis to 124 cases (41.9%) with available serum creatinine measurement, higher serum creatinine (dichotomised at the median: 0.67 mg\/dL) was correlated with risk of PE (multivariate OR 17.277 (CI: 5.125\u201358.238)) and preterm delivery (multivariate OR 2.545 (CI: 1.100\u20135.892). Conclusions: Within the limits of a retrospective analysis, this study suggests that the risk of PE after ED is modulated by comorbidity. While the cause effect relationship is difficult to ascertain, the relationship between serum creatinine and outcomes suggests that more attention is needed to baseline kidney function and comorbidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8111806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]],"date-time":"2019-10-28T11:26:13Z","timestamp":1572261973000},"page":"1806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Risk of Preeclampsia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes after Heterologous Egg Donation: Hypothesizing a Role for Kidney Function and Comorbidity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8650-583X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Fassio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Attini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5243-0940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca","family":"Masturzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Montersino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4853-180X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine","family":"Chatrenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Le Mans 72000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Saulnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Statistics, University of Angers, Angers 49035, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1145-7404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianfranca","family":"Cabiddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Brotzu Hospital, Cagliari 09134, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5797-3722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Revelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Gennarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella Bianca","family":"Gazzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Muccinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Plazzotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3019-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Menato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2632-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgina Barbara","family":"Piccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Le Mans 72000, France"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10100, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.14257","article-title":"Obstetric and neonatal complications in pregnancies conceived after oocyte donation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Storgaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmw012","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcomes in oocyte donation pregnancies","volume":"22","author":"Savasi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. 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