{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T17:04:12Z","timestamp":1775581452251,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI12\/00954"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI12\/00954"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI15\/00567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI15\/00567"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Associaci\u00f3 Catalana de Diabetis","award":["Beca Gon\u00e7al Lloveras i Vall\u00e8s 2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Beca Gon\u00e7al Lloveras i Vall\u00e8s 2012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Dyslipidemia has been associated with vascular complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We examined the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-assessed lipoprotein subclass profiles in subjects with T1DM compared with those of healthy subjects and assessed the potential relationship of these profiles with arterial stiffness. Methods: Eighty-four participants with T1DM of at least 10 years duration and no clinical cardiovascular disease (age: 35\u201365 years; 50% men) and 42 healthy participants were evaluated for: (1) clinical and anthropometric data (including classical cardiovascular risk factors), (2) insulin sensitivity by estimated glucose disposal rate, (3) microvascular complications, (4) NMR-assessed lipoprotein subclass profile, and (5) arterial stiffness (aortic pulse wave velocity). Results: Participants with T1DM had an apparently better conventional lipid profile than healthy participants, but with significant differences in NMR-assessed lipoprotein profiles such as higher triglyceride content of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In healthy participants, arterial stiffness was associated with NMR-based LDL subclasses. By contrast, in T1DM participants, arterial stiffness was independently associated mainly with NMR-based very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) subclasses: positively with total VLDL particles (and subclasses) and VLDL triglyceride content, and negatively with LDL and HDL particle sizes. These results were maintained after adjustments for classical cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: Subjects with T1DM, while having an apparently better conventional lipid profile than healthy controls, presented significant alterations in their NMR-assessed lipoprotein profile. The association between arterial stiffness and NMR-assessed lipoprotein profiles also differed in both groups. These results support a potential role of the identified differences in the residual cardiovascular risk in T1DM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8111875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T02:48:31Z","timestamp":1573094911000},"page":"1875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Specific Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Lipoprotein Subclass Profiles and Central Arterial Stiffness in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3237-6366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Llaurad\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d\u2019Investigacions M\u00e8diques (IMIM), Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Pg. Mar\u00edtim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0116-9145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Amig\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolomics Platform IISPV, CIBERDEM. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Bisofer Teslab Pla\u00e7a del Prim 10, 43201 Reus, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Parc Taul\u00ed. Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT) (Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona), Parc Taul\u00ed s\/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Ballesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d\u2019Investigacions M\u00e8diques (IMIM), Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Pg. Mar\u00edtim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Parc Taul\u00ed. Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT) (Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona), Parc Taul\u00ed s\/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Mazarico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Parc Taul\u00ed. Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT) (Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona), Parc Taul\u00ed s\/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Veledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d\u2019Investigacions Sanit\u00e0ries Pere Virgili (IISPV). Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Dr. Mallafr\u00e9 Guasch 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Pedro-Botet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d\u2019Investigacions M\u00e8diques (IMIM), Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Pg. Mar\u00edtim 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Vendrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona. Institut d\u2019Investigacions Sanit\u00e0ries Pere Virgili (IISPV). Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Dr. Mallafr\u00e9 Guasch 4, 43005 Tarragona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9-Miguel","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Clemente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas; (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 8029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Hospital de Sabadell. Corporaci\u00f3 Sanit\u00e0ria Parc Taul\u00ed. Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT) (Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona), Parc Taul\u00ed s\/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-1720","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association and American Diabetes Association","volume":"37","author":"Fonseca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408214","article-title":"Glycemic control and excess mortality in type 1 diabetes","volume":"371","author":"Lind","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. 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