{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T01:26:22Z","timestamp":1778808382972,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Aortic valve calcium (AVC) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) are common complications in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We investigated the prognostic significance of overlapping presence of AVC and CAC, and whether AVC was associated with all-cause mortality independent of the presence of CAC in ESRD. Methods: 259 ESRD patients (median age 55 years, 67% males) undergoing cardiac computed tomography were included. Framingham risk score (FRS), presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), statin use, nutritional status and other relevant laboratory data were determined at baseline. During follow-up for median 36 months, 44 patients died, and 68 patients underwent renal transplantation. Results: The baseline overlap presence of AVC and CAC was 37%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that FRS (odds ratio (OR) 2.25; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.43\u20133.55) and CAC score (OR (95% CI), 2.18 (1.34\u20133.59)) were independent determinants of AVC. In competing-risk regression models adjusted for presence of CAC, inflammation, nutritional status, CVD, FRS and statin use, AVC remained independently associated with all-cause mortality (sub-hazard ratio (95% CI), 2.57 (1.20\u20135.51)). Conclusions: The overlap of AVC and CAC was 37% in this ESRD cohort. AVC was associated with increased all-cause mortality independent of presence of CAC, traditional risk factors and inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T08:12:22Z","timestamp":1582618342000},"page":"607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Aortic Valve Calcium Associates with All-Cause Mortality Independent of Coronary Artery Calcium and Inflammation in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9036-3857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1343-2198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Plunde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul Rashid","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4269-4293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bengt","family":"Lindholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3409-1938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torkel B.","family":"Brismar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7867-6957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leon J.","family":"Schurgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research School Maastricht, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"S\u00f6derberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, AstraZeneca R&amp;D, 431 83 Molndal, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonaz","family":"Ripsweden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0853-5141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"B\u00e4ck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Theme Heart and Vessels, Division of Valvular and Coronary Heart Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Stenvinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2008.02.024","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease, prevalence of premature cardiovascular disease, and relationship to short-term mortality","volume":"156","author":"McCullough","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. 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