{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:49:00Z","timestamp":1760237340501,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and objective: Pre-existing interstitial lung disease (ILD) in lung cancer patients is considered a risk factor for anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia; however, a method for evaluating ILD, including mild cases, has not yet been established. We aimed to elucidate whether the quantitative high-resolution computed tomography fibrosis score (HFS) is correlated with the risk of anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia in lung cancer patients, even in those with mild pre-existing ILD. Methods: The retrospective single-institute study cohort comprised 214 lung cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy between April 2013 and March 2016. The HFS quantitatively evaluated the grade of pre-existing ILD. We extracted data regarding age, sex, smoking history, and coexisting factors that could affect the incidence of anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the effects of the HFS and other factors on the risk of anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia. Results: Pre-existing ILD was detected in 61 (29%) of 214 patients, while honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis were observed in only 15 (7.0%) and 10 (4.7%) patients, respectively. Anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia developed in 19 (8.9%) patients. The risk of anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia increased in proportion to the HFS (hazard ratio, 1.16 per point; 95% confidence interval, 1.09\u20131.22; p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: The quantitative HFS was correlated with the risk of developing anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia in lung cancer patients, even in the absence of honeycombing or traction bronchiectasis. The quantitative HFS may lead to better management of lung cancer patients with pre-existing ILD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,8]],"date-time":"2020-04-08T05:59:47Z","timestamp":1586325587000},"page":"1045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prediction of Anti-Cancer Drug-Induced Pneumonia in Lung Cancer Patients: Novel High-Resolution Computed Tomography Fibrosis Scoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5026-8078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Gyotoku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9182-5694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ishimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuntaro","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Senju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1339-1031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Kakugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology and Gerontology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-0046, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsumi","family":"Nakatomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriho","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Oncology Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Obase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Soda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sasebo City General Hospital, Nagasaki 857-8511, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuto","family":"Ashizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Oncology Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mukae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 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