{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:11:43Z","timestamp":1791850303081,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":187,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical condition among patients admitted in the hospitals. The condition is associated with both increased short-term and long-term mortality. With the development of a standardized definition for AKI and the acknowledgment of the impact of AKI on patient outcomes, there has been increased recognition of AKI. Two advances from past decades, the usage of computer decision support and the discovery of AKI biomarkers, have the ability to advance the diagnostic method to and further management of AKI. The increasingly widespread use of electronic health records across hospitals has substantially increased the amount of data available to investigators and has shown promise in advancing AKI research. In addition, progress in the finding and validation of different forms of biomarkers of AKI within diversified clinical environments and has provided information and insight on testing, etiology and further prognosis of AKI, leading to future of precision and personalized approach to AKI management. In this this article, we discussed the changing paradigms in AKI: From mechanisms to diagnostics, risk factors, and management of AKI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T03:10:01Z","timestamp":1586833801000},"page":"1104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Diagnostics, Risk Factors, Treatment and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in a New Paradigm"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Charat","family":"Thongprayoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panupong","family":"Hansrivijit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pinnacle, Harrisburg, PA 17105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2640-724X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karthik","family":"Kovvuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swetha R.","family":"Kanduri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Torres-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakrati","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8930-4611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria L.","family":"Gonzalez-Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2920-7235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wisit","family":"Kaewput","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarun","family":"Bathini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wisit","family":"Cheungpasitporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ITC66","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC201711070","article-title":"Acute Kidney Injury","volume":"167","author":"Levey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. 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