{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T23:57:04Z","timestamp":1785369424905,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]],"date-time":"2020-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Varicocele is the most common correctable male infertility factor and varicocelectomy has been a mainstay in the management of infertility. However, the role of varicocelectomy as a treatment option has been controversial, and the scientific debate around it is still ongoing. Our study aimed to explore the role of anthropometric variables of infertile patients and their relation to sperm parameters following varicocelectomy. The outcome of 124 infertile patients who underwent open sub-inguinal varicocelectomy by a single surgeon over the last ten years was studied. Post varicocelectomy, four semen parameters (volume, total count, motility, and morphology) were analyzed and adjusted according to anthropometric variables including age, varicocele grade, and body mass index (BMI) of patients. Total count and motility were significantly improved after surgery. Varicocelectomy improved semen parameters, notably the count and the motility, especially in younger patients, lower grades of varicocele patients, and low BMI patients. In addition, BMI was positively correlated with volume in pre-varicocelectomy and post-varicocelectomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,21]],"date-time":"2020-04-21T05:48:52Z","timestamp":1587448132000},"page":"1160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Anthropometric Variables as Predictors of Semen Parameters and Fertility Outcomes after Varicocelectomy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5170-3983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramy","family":"Abou Ghayda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3664-5682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert Zakhia","family":"El-Doueihi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8047-4190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju Kangwon 26426, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Bulbul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3811-5543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nassib","family":"Abou Heidar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6237-150X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jad","family":"Bulbul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Asmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department, Post-Doctoral Research Fellow at University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9781-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Hwi","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3689-5865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Won","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju Kangwon 26426, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2945-2946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Kronbichler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2326-1820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Il","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, C.P.O. Box 8044, Seoul 03722, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03105-9","article-title":"Best practice policies for male infertility","volume":"77","author":"Sharlip","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-015-0032-1","article-title":"A unique view on male infertility around the globe","volume":"13","author":"Agarwal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. 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