{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:58:27Z","timestamp":1790837907952,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":158,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,22]],"date-time":"2020-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587513600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent advances in surgical, immunosuppressive and monitoring protocols have led to the significant improvement of overall one-year kidney allograft outcomes. Nonetheless, there has not been a significant change in long-term kidney allograft outcomes. In fact, chronic and acute antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and non-immunological complications following kidney transplantation, including multiple incidences of primary kidney disease, as well as complications such as cardiovascular diseases, infections, and malignancy are the major factors that have contributed to the failure of kidney allografts. The use of molecular techniques to enhance histological diagnostics and noninvasive surveillance are what the latest studies in the field of clinical kidney transplant seem to mainly focus upon. Increasingly innovative approaches are being used to discover immunosuppressive methods to overcome critical sensitization, prevent the development of anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies, treat chronic active ABMR, and reduce non-immunological complications following kidney transplantation, such as the recurrence of primary kidney disease and other complications, such as cardiovascular diseases, infections, and malignancy. In the present era of utilizing electronic health records (EHRs), it is strongly believed that big data and artificial intelligence will reshape the research done on kidney transplantation in the near future. In addition, the utilization of telemedicine is increasing, providing benefits such as reaching out to kidney transplant patients in remote areas and helping to make scarce healthcare resources more accessible for kidney transplantation. In this article, we discuss the recent research developments in kidney transplants that may affect long-term allografts, as well as the survival of the patient. The latest developments in living kidney donation are also explored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T02:10:52Z","timestamp":1587607852000},"page":"1193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Recent Advances and Clinical Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Charat","family":"Thongprayoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panupong","family":"Hansrivijit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pinnacle, Harrisburg, PA 17105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Napat","family":"Leeaphorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Saint Luke\u2019s Health System, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakrati","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Torres-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2920-7235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wisit","family":"Kaewput","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok 10400, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthik","family":"Kovvuru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swetha","family":"Kanduri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarun","family":"Bathini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wisit","family":"Cheungpasitporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05021107","article-title":"Kidney transplantation as primary therapy for end-stage renal disease: A National Kidney Foundation\/Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF\/KDOQITM) conference","volume":"3","author":"Abecassis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. 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