{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:39:37Z","timestamp":1788453577156,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Physical activity (PA) is a factor that may have an influence on the symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). The aim of this study was to identify the potential determinants of spontaneous PA in a PD patient group. A total of 134 PD patients aged 65.2 \u00b1 9.2 years with a Hoehn\u2013Yahr scale score \u22644 and a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score \u226524 were examined. For the study\u2019s purposes, the authors analyzed age, sex, education, history of PD, dopaminergic treatment, the severity of PD symptoms using Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and Hoehn\u2013Yahr scale. Additionally, all participants were evaluated through a set of scales for specific neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression, anxiety, apathy, fatigue, and sleep disorders. A linear regression analysis was used with backward elimination. In the total explanatory model, for 12% of the variability in activity (R2 = 0.125; F(16.133) = 2.185; p &lt; 0.01), the significant predictor was starting therapy with the dopamine agonist (DA) (\u03b2= 0.420; t= 4.068; p = 0.000), which was associated with a longer duration of moderate PA. In the total explanatory model, for more than 13% of the variance in time spent sitting (R2 = 0.135; F(16.130) = 2.267; p &lt; 0.01), the significant predictors were secondary education and the results of the UPDRS. The patients with secondary and vocational education, those starting treatment with DA and those with a less severe degree of Parkinson\u2019s symptoms (UPDRS), spent less time sitting in a day. It is possible to identify determinants of spontaneous PA. It may elucidate consequences in terms of influence on modifiable conditions of PA and the proper approach to patients with unmodifiable PA factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T06:41:20Z","timestamp":1588660880000},"page":"1296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["What Determines Spontaneous Physical Activity in Patients with Parkinson\u2019s Disease?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5081-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Gorzkowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Cholewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physioterapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Ma\u0142ecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physioterapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7480-5723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Klimkowicz-Mrowiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 31-503 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2179-5466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Cholewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Related Physical Activity and Tourism, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2015.09.012","article-title":"Epidemiology of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"172","author":"Elbaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. 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