{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T12:03:08Z","timestamp":1771934588485,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]],"date-time":"2020-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Integrated Projects of Excellence","award":["PIE14\/00061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIE14\/00061"]}]},{"name":"CERCA programs from the Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["PERIS SLT008\/18\/00061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PERIS SLT008\/18\/00061"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI1800498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI1800498"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI1800451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI1800451"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008050","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Cellex","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017 SGR 893"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017 SGR 893"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010552","name":"Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PERIS SLT008\/18\/00061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PERIS SLT008\/18\/00061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010552","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is an inflammatory myopathy associated, among others, with mitochondrial dysfunction. Similar molecular features are found in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), underlying potential comorbidity. This study aims to evaluate common clinical and molecular hallmarks among sIBM, AD, and T2DM. Comorbidity with AD was assessed in n = 14 sIBM patients by performing neuropsychological and cognitive tests, cranial magnetic resonance imaging, AD cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (levels of amyloid beta, total tau, and phosphorylated tau at threonine-181), and genetic apolipoprotein E genotyping. In the same sIBM cohort, comorbidity with T2DM was assessed by collecting anthropometric measures and performing an oral glucose tolerance test and insulin determinations. Results were compared to the standard population and other myositis (n = 7 dermatomyositis and n = 7 polymyositis). Mitochondrial contribution into disease was tested by measurement of oxidative\/anaerobic and oxidant\/antioxidant balances, respiration fluxes, and enzymatic activities in sIBM fibroblasts subjected to different glucose levels. Comorbidity of sIBM with AD was not detected. Clinically, sIBM patients showed signs of misbalanced glucose homeostasis, similar to other myositis. Such misbalance was further confirmed at the molecular level by the metabolic inability of sIBM fibroblasts to adapt to different glucose conditions. Under the standard condition, sIBM fibroblasts showed decreased respiration (0.71 \u00b1 0.08 vs. 1.06 \u00b1 0.04 nmols O2\/min; p = 0.024) and increased anaerobic metabolism (5.76 \u00b1 0.52 vs. 3.79 \u00b1 0.35 mM lactate; p = 0.052). Moreover, when glucose conditions were changed, sIBM fibroblasts presented decreased fold change in mitochondrial enzymatic activities (\u221212.13 \u00b1 21.86 vs. 199.22 \u00b1 62.52 cytochrome c oxidase\/citrate synthase ratio; p = 0.017) and increased oxidative stress per mitochondrial activity (203.76 \u00b1 82.77 vs. \u221269.55 \u00b1 21.00; p = 0.047), underlying scarce metabolic plasticity. These findings do not demonstrate higher prevalence of AD in sIBM patients, but evidences of prediabetogenic conditions were found. Glucose deregulation in myositis suggests the contribution of lifestyle conditions, such as restricted mobility. Additionally, molecular evidences from sIBM fibroblasts confirm that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role. Monitoring T2DM development and mitochondrial contribution to disease in myositis patients could set a path for novel therapeutic options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T02:55:41Z","timestamp":1589424941000},"page":"1446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Common Hallmark Underlying Comorbidity between sIBM and Other Degenerative and Age-Related Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Catal\u00e1n-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERER\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesc Josep","family":"Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERER\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5501-5272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro J.","family":"Moreno-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERER\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gema","family":"Alcarraz-Viz\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Obesity Laboratory Research, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERDEM\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5646-0482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e0","family":"Tort-Merino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 C\u00e9sar","family":"Milisenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERER\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Cant\u00f3-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERER\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Barcos-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERER\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3286-3436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesc","family":"Cardellach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERER\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Llad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Novials","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Obesity Laboratory Research, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBERDEM\u2014Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gl\u00f2ria","family":"Garrabou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function Laboratory, CELLEX-IDIBAPS, 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