{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:59:16Z","timestamp":1790618356334,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is increasing data in favour of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) therapy in patients with oligo-asthenozoospermia and normal-range gonadotropins in order to increase sperm count and above all sperm motility. Some studies showed an improvement in DNA fragmentation and spontaneous pregnancy. Recently, biosimilar FSH has been marketed with the same indications. We performed a retrospective multicentric case-control study involving 147 asthenozoospermic patients between 18 and 45 years of age. A total of 97 patients were treated with biosimilar FSH 150 UI three times a week for 3 months, while 50 control subjects received no treatment. Patients were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months with semen analysis including DNA fragmentation, testicular colour Doppler ultrasound, and blood tests. Spontaneous pregnancies were recorded during a further follow-up period of 6 months. Treated patients showed after treatment a statistically significant increase in sperm concentration, total sperm count, and total motile sperm, as well as improved progressive motility and non-progressive motility. DNA fragmentation showed a significant reduction. Conversely, in the control group, no significant change was found. Pregnancy rate was significantly higher in treated patients. These data suggest comparable efficacy of biosimilar FSH in the treatment of male infertility; however, larger studies are needed to confirm our results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T10:27:19Z","timestamp":1589452039000},"page":"1478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Use of Biosimilar Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Asthenozoospermic Infertile Patients: A Multicentric Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0821-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"De Rocco Ponce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Azienda Ospedaliera Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Dipartimento di Medicina, 35126 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6576-2183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Foresta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Azienda Ospedaliera Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Dipartimento di Medicina, 35126 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rocco","family":"Rago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione e Andrologia, Ospedale Sandro Pertini, 00157 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0516-3939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Dal Lago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione e Andrologia, Ospedale Sandro Pertini, 00157 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1286-1521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Balercia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6950-335X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldo Eugenio","family":"Calogero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7113-2372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandro","family":"La Vignera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Universit\u00e0 di Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Cosci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Azienda Ospedaliera Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Dipartimento di Medicina, 35126 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7251-9210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Di Nisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Azienda Ospedaliera Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Dipartimento di Medicina, 35126 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4736-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Garolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Andrologia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Azienda Ospedaliera Universit\u00e0 di Padova, Dipartimento di Medicina, 35126 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.10.015","article-title":"Gonadotropin regulation by pulsatile GnRH: Signaling and gene expression","volume":"463","author":"Stamatiades","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. 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