{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T17:13:56Z","timestamp":1784740436821,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, reports showed that embryos identified as mosaic after preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploid (PGT-A) could result in live birth with lower pregnancy and higher pregnancy loss rates compared with euploid embryos. However, the effects of mosaicism level on reproductive outcomes remain controversial. This study aimed to examine the level of mosaicism on pregnancy outcomes. Single mosaic embryo transfer was offered to 108 women who only had mosaic embryos. Mosaic embryos were labeled by utilizing next generation sequencing (NGS) based PGT-A for day 5\/6 trophectoderm (TE) biopsies. TE biopsies containing &lt; 50% abnormal cells were classified as low-level mosaicism and \u2265 50% as high-level mosaicism. To further confirm the concordance of chromosome constitution between TE and inner cell mass (ICM), 41 remaining embryos designated as mosaic blastocysts donated for research were also analyzed. Comparable live birth rate (LBR) but higher miscarriage rate (MR) was found in the high-level group. (LBR: low vs. high: 44.5% vs. 36%; p = 0.45, MR: low vs. high: 5.1% vs. 30.7%; p = 0.012). Analyses of TE and ICM from the remaining mosaic blastocysts show a poor concordance. This preliminary study demonstrated that high-level mosaic embryos could result in comparable LBR but higher MR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T09:19:27Z","timestamp":1591089567000},"page":"1695","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Clinical Outcomes of Single Mosaic Embryo Transfer: High-Level or Low-Level Mosaic Embryo, Does It Matter?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4602-5732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pin-Yao","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-I","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"En-Hui","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Chia","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8858-0916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsung-Hsien","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Hsin","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ping","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maw-Sheng","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Infertility, Lee Women\u2019s Hospital, No. 30-6, Sec. 1, Changping Road, Beitun District, Taichung City 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Rd., South District, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis International Society (PGDIS) (2016). Guidelines for Mosaic Embryos, PGDIS."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s004390050443","article-title":"Multicolour FISH detects frequent chromosomal mosaicism and chaotic division in normal preimplantation embryos from fertile patients","volume":"99","author":"Delhanty","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. 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