{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T02:08:28Z","timestamp":1783822108242,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":141,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000325","name":"Wellbeing of Women","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ELS706, RTF510, RG1073, and RG2137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ELS706, RTF510, RG1073, and RG2137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Academic Clinical Lectureship & Academic Clinical Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Academic Clinical Lectureship & Academic Clinical Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Liverpool Women's Hospital Cancer Charity Fund","award":["Clinical Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Clinical Fellowship"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometriosis is a common, oestrogen driven chronic condition, where endometrium-like epithelial and stromal cells exist in ectopic sites. At present, no curative treatments are available and the existing evidence for disease progression is conflicting. The pathogenesis is still unknown and evidently complex, as mechanisms of initiation may depend on the anatomical distribution of endometriotic lesions. However, amongst the numerous theories and plethora of mechanisms, contributions of the fallopian tubes (FT) to endometriosis are rarely discussed. The FT are implicated in all endometriosis associated symptomatology and clinical consequences; they may contribute to the origin of endometriotic tissue, determine the sites for ectopic lesion establishment and act as conduits for the spread of proinflammatory media. Here, we examine the available evidence for the contribution of the human FT to the origin, pathogenesis and symptoms\/clinical consequences of endometriosis. We also examine the broader topic linking endometriosis and the FT epithelium to the genesis of ovarian epithelial cancers. Further studies elucidating the distinct functional and phenotypical characteristics of FT mucosa may allow the development of novel treatment strategies for endometriosis that are potentially curative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T12:21:46Z","timestamp":1592482906000},"page":"1905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Endometriosis and the Fallopian Tubes: Theories of Origin and Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3831-4569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0253-2927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa","family":"Fakhreldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Women\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Maclean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Dobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lewis","family":"Nancarrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Bradfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5527-8462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diandra","family":"Daley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3633-1592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Tempest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dharani K.","family":"Hapangama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Women\u2019s Health Research, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool L8 7SS, UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Women\u2019s NHS Foundation Trust, Member of 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