{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T16:44:53Z","timestamp":1783529093248,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aims: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is an ominous complication of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), despite the recent widespread use of reperfusion and invasive management. The Ruti-STEMI-Shock registry analysed the prevalence of and 30-day and 1-year mortality rates in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by CS (STEMI-CS) over the last three decades. Methods and Results: From February 1989 to December 2018, 493 STEMI-CS patients were consecutively admitted in a well-defined geographical area of ~850,000 inhabitants. Patients were classified into six five-year periods based on their year of admission. STEMI-CS mortality trends were analysed at 30 days and 1 year across the six strata. Cox regression analyses were performed for comparisons. Mean age was 67.5 \u00b1 11.7 years; 69.4% were men. STEMI-CS prevalence did not decline from period 1 to 6 (7.1 vs. 6.2%, p = 0.218). Reperfusion therapy increased from 22.5% in 1989\u20131993 to 85.4% in 2014\u20132018. Thirty-day all-cause mortality declined from period 1 to 6 (65% vs. 50.5%, p &lt; 0.001), with a 9% reduction after multivariable adjustment (HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84\u20130.99; p = 0.024). One-year all-cause mortality declined from period 1 to 6 (67.5% vs. 57.3%, p = 0.001), with an 8% reduction after multivariable adjustment (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85\u20130.99; p = 0.030). Short- and long-term mortality trends in patients aged \u2265 75 years remained ~75%. Conclusions: Short- and long-term STEMI-CS-related mortality declined over the last 30 years, to ~50% of all patients. We have failed to achieve any mortality benefit in STEMI-CS patients over 75 years of age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]],"date-time":"2020-07-30T03:36:38Z","timestamp":1596080198000},"page":"2398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Short- and Long-Term Mortality Trends in STEMI-Cardiogenic Shock over Three Decades (1989\u20132018): The Ruti-STEMI-Shock Registry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6330-1677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosme","family":"Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 08080 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Oliveras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabil","family":"El Ouaddi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5464-4870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferran","family":"Rueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4505-0787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Labata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"German","family":"Cediel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0984-3472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago","family":"Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Jose","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Resta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oriol","family":"de Diego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REGICOR Study Group, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d\u2019Investigacions M\u00e8diques), 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene R","family":"D\u00e9gano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 08080 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"REGICOR Study Group, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d\u2019Investigacions M\u00e8diques), 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Elosua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 08080 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic\u2013Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5601-9611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josep","family":"Lup\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 08080 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Bayes-Genis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 08080 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00879-2","article-title":"Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction-etiologies, management and outcome: A report from the 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