{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:25:47Z","timestamp":1791444347459,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this randomized controlled single-center clinical trial on 96 adult patients with parallel experimental groups (n = 48), the effects of washing a dentin\/pulp wound in non-symptomatic teeth with extremely deep caries and pulpal exposure were compared between a 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and a chemically-inert physiological saline control solution. After the allocated wound lavage, the pulps were capped with a mineral trioxide aggregate, covered by a glass-ionomer\/resin liner, and the teeth were immediately restored with a resin-bonded-composite. In this first report, the early events were analyzed: postoperative discomfort (on an NRS-11 scale) at day-3 and -7 after intervention, and the occurrence of unbearable pain causing patients to contact the principal investigator to perform a root canal treatment (pulpectomy) during the first three months. The NaOCl solution caused a highly significant reduction in post-operative discomfort (p = 0.0010 day 3; p = 0.0007 day 7) and early painful failures (p = 0.0008) compared with the control. These novel findings highlight the importance of infection control in teeth with extremely deep carious lesions. Based on these observations, the use of an NaOCl solution to wash the exposed dentin\/pulp wound in the vital pulp treatment is highly recommended in order to reduce pain and early failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]],"date-time":"2020-07-30T03:36:38Z","timestamp":1596080198000},"page":"2408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Sodium Hypochlorite Reduces Postoperative Discomfort and Painful Early Failure after Carious Exposure and Direct Pulp Capping\u2014Initial Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2208-9443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nidambur Vasudev","family":"Ballal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry &amp; Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8690-2379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry F.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, D02 F859 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namith","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry &amp; Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prateek","family":"Jalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry &amp; Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9545-7828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Zehnder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endodontology, Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Z\u00fcrich, 8032 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516639271","article-title":"Managing Carious Lesions: Consensus Recommendations on Carious Tissue Removal","volume":"28","author":"Schwendicke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. 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