{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:07:21Z","timestamp":1793502441496,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009398","name":"Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t, RWTH Aachen University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["programme ROTATION"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["programme ROTATION"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Speckle tracking echocardiography enables the detection of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction at rest in many heart diseases and potentially in severe liver diseases. It could also possibly serve as a predictor for survival. In this study, 117 patients evaluated for liver transplantation in a single center between May 2010 and April 2016 with normal left ventricular ejection fraction were included according to clinical characteristics of their liver disease: (1) compensated (n = 29), (2) clinically significant portal hypertension (n = 49), and (3) decompensated (n = 39). Standard echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography were performed at rest and during dobutamine stress. Follow-up amounted to three years to evaluate survival and major cardiac events. Altogether 67% (78\/117) of the patients were transplanted and 32% (31\/96 patients) died during the three-year follow-up period. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) at rest was significantly increased (became more negative) with the severity of liver disease (p &lt; 0.001), but reached comparable values in all groups during peak stress. Low (less negative) GLS values at rest (male: &gt;\u221217\/female: &gt;\u221218%) could predict patient survival in a multivariate Cox regression analysis (p = 0.002). GLS proved valuable in identifying transplant candidates with latent systolic dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]],"date-time":"2020-08-12T09:14:49Z","timestamp":1597223689000},"page":"2616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Global Longitudinal Strain at Rest as an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Liver Transplant Candidates: A Retrospective Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8928-338X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mare","family":"Mechelinck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, Angiology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Cardiology, Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Rhein-Maas Klinikum, 52146 W\u00fcrselen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Andert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom Florian","family":"Ulmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf Peter","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa Hildegard","family":"Wirtz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Trautwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3185-6026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Bettina","family":"Roehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Rossaint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Hein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.12659\/AOT.908771","article-title":"The Pre-Transplant Profile of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Its Impact on Long-Term Mortality After Liver Transplantation","volume":"23","author":"Glowczynska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. 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