{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:48:20Z","timestamp":1790120900441,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This prospective case series aimed to investigate the contrast sensitivity function before and after lacrimal passage intubation (LPI) in eyes with epiphora due to lacrimal passage obstruction. We included 58 eyes of 51 patients who underwent LPI for lacrimal passage obstruction. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity function, and lower tear meniscus were compared before LPI and one month after lacrimal duct stent removal. The area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) was calculated for the analyses. Lower tear meniscus was assessed using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. The BCVA was comparable (p = 0.61) before and after LPI, while AULCSF increased significantly after treatment (before LPI: 1.29 \u00b1 0.17, after LPI: 1.37 \u00b1 0.14, p &lt; 0.0001). Treatment resulted in a significant increase in contrast sensitivity at all spatial frequencies, 3\u201318 cycles\/degree (p &lt; 0.01 for 3, p &lt; 0.01 for 6, p &lt; 0.0005 for 12, p &lt; 0.05 for 18 cycles\/degree). The lower tear meniscus parameters improved significantly after treatment (p &lt; 0.005); however, no correlation between the changes in the tear meniscus and those of the AULCSF was found. The contrast sensitivity significantly improved after LPI in eyes with epiphora due to lacrimal passage obstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]],"date-time":"2020-08-26T09:05:37Z","timestamp":1598432737000},"page":"2761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Improvement in Contrast Sensitivity Function after Lacrimal Passage Intubation in Eyes with Epiphora"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1550-5821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujin","family":"Hoshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuniharu","family":"Tasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4444-4127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Hiraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Oshika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tasaki, K., Hoshi, S., Hiraoka, T., and Oshika, T. 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