{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T19:39:15Z","timestamp":1782243555106,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]],"date-time":"2020-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare retinal thicknesses and vascular parameters between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) individuals. Recruited ASD subjects and age- and sex-matched NT controls underwent 2 optical coherence tomography scans (OCT) (macular cube and optic nerve cube) and 2 OCT angiography (OCTA) scans (macular and optic nerve head (ONH) OCTA) with the device Cirrus 5000 (Zeiss). Concerning OCT, we considered full retina thickness in 9 macular sectors of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) pattern and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in 4 quadrants and 12 clock-hour sectors. Vessel density and capillary perfusion density in 9 sectors were measured using 6 \u00d7 6 mm macular OCTA. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters were also considered. ONH 4.5 \u00d7 4.5 mm OCTA estimated perfusion density and flux index in 4 peripapillary quadrants. Comparisons between groups of all these parameters were performed. ASD subjects showed higher ONH perfusion density and lower ONH flux index at the peripapillary inferior quadrant when compared with NT individuals (p &lt; 0.05). Plus, a trend towards higher macular thicknesses, higher pRNFL thickness at inferior clock-hour sectors and higher macular vessel density and perfusion was observed in ASD. No differences were found in FAZ parameters. In conclusion, retinas of ASD subjects may present some structural and vascular differences when compared with retinas of NT individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9103123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T10:39:58Z","timestamp":1601289598000},"page":"3123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Macula and Optic Nerve in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6245-7271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Javier","family":"Garcia-Medina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, 30008 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Ophthalmic Research Unit Santiago Grisolia, 46017 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Red Tem\u00e1tica de Investigaci\u00f3n Cooperativa en Patolog\u00eda Ocular (OFTARED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Rubio-Velazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, 30008 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Dolores","family":"Lopez-Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, 30008 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Parraga-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, 30008 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"Perez-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Analysis, General University Hospital Morales Meseguer, 30008 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0118-7837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Dolores","family":"Pinazo-Duran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmic Research Unit Santiago Grisolia, 46017 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Red Tem\u00e1tica de Investigaci\u00f3n Cooperativa en Patolog\u00eda Ocular (OFTARED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"del-Rio-Vellosillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)09218-0","article-title":"The Autistic Spectrum","volume":"350","author":"Wing","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-020-00342-5","article-title":"Prevalence and Cumulative Incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorders and the Patterns of Co-Occurring Neurodevelopmental Disorders in a Total Population Sample of 5-Year-Old Children","volume":"11","author":"Saito","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. 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