{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T04:02:17Z","timestamp":1792296137353,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]],"date-time":"2020-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD), symptom content and severity appear to fluctuate over the course of the life cycle in accordance with stressful life events. The objective of this paper was to compare OCD patients with and without reported stressful life events (SLEs) in terms of the sociodemographics of patients and the clinical characteristics of OCD. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 1001 patients with OCD. Data concerning SLEs were collected via the Yale OCD Natural History Questionnaire, while for OCD symptoms, the Dimensional Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Scale was used. Results: Of the 1001 OCD patients, 605 (60.5%) reported experiencing at least one SLE in their lifetime. Self-declared nonwhite skin color (odds ratio (OR) = 1.51), the presence of a sensory phenomenon (OR = 1.47), and comorbidity with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (OR = 2.38) were some of the logistic regression variables related to the reported SLEs with relevant statistical significance and risk (i.e., OR) values. Conclusions: Our results indicate that SLEs may make Brazilian OCD patients vulnerable to the onset or exacerbation of obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms. The positive association of the occurrence of SLEs and sensory phenomena in this population could corroborate that environmental influences impact the neurobiology associated with OCD, and likely with other psychiatric disorders as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9103371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T20:51:00Z","timestamp":1603399860000},"page":"3371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Stressful Life Events and the Clinical Expression of Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Disorder (OCD): An Exploratory Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0703-920X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Kracker Imthon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Service, President Vargas Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-074, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine-Psychiatry, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil"},{"name":"The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4900-4681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Ant\u00f4nio Caldart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Service, President Vargas Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-074, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine-Psychiatry, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil"},{"name":"The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9687-0072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"do Ros\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-903, Brazil"},{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA) at the Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 04017-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo F.","family":"Fontenelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-903, Brazil"},{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia"},{"name":"D\u2019Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR) and Institute of Psychiatry (IPUB), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22290-140, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Euripedes","family":"Constantino Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-903, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, S\u00e3o Paulo University Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ygor","family":"Arzeno Ferr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Service, President Vargas Hospital, Porto Alegre 90035-074, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine-Psychiatry, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil"},{"name":"The Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2004.04.003","article-title":"A critical evaluation of obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder subtypes: Symptoms versus mechanisms","volume":"24","author":"McKay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. 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