{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T23:45:09Z","timestamp":1793749509333,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010621","name":"Medical University of Lublin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DS 410\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DS 410\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and the onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), disease activity, and response to treatment. The study included 44 children with JIA, 23 children with different types of arthritis, and 44 controls. We measured EBV infection markers, including the EBV DNA load and the concentration of antibodies to viral antigens, at disease onset, before treatment. Six months after JIA diagnosis and the initiation of treatment patients with anti-viral capsid antigen IgG had a higher disease activity and worse response to treatment than patients without previous infection. After six months of treatment, the probability of disease inactivity in children without a history of EBV infection was almost 6.5 times greater than in a child with a history of infection. Furthermore, the probability of a better response after six months of treatment in a child with a history of EBV infection was more than five times smaller than in a child without infection. A past EBV infection can have a negative effect on achieving disease remission and may be associated with a worse response to treatment. Our results do not indicate the need for routine assessment of EBV infection markers in patients with JIA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T21:21:00Z","timestamp":1604006460000},"page":"3453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Impact of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection on Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Activity and Patient\u2019s Response to Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1644-5568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violetta","family":"Opoka-Winiarska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewelina","family":"Grywalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Sobiesiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Roli\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000417","article-title":"Update on the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis","volume":"29","author":"Giancane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ailioaie, L.M., and Litscher, G. (2020). Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Arthritis in Children and Adults: New Perspectives on Applied Photobiomodulation. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21186565"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60244-4","article-title":"Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis","volume":"377","author":"Prakken","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"390","article-title":"International League of Associations for Rheumatology Classification of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Second Revision, Edmonton, 2001","volume":"31","author":"Petty","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Consolaro, A., Giancane, G., Schiappapietra, B., Davi, S., Calandra, S., Lanni, S., and Ravelli, A. (2016). 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