{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:12:07Z","timestamp":1790892727690,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The optimal intrathecal dose of local anaesthetic for caesarean section (CS) anaesthesia is still being debated. We performed a study to compare the effectiveness and safety of spinal anaesthesia with 12.5 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine and a dosing regimen of conventional doses adjusted to parturient height. One hundred and forty parturients scheduled for elective CS were enrolled. The fixed-dose group (FD) received a spinal block with 12.5 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine with fentanyl, whereas the adjusted-dose group (AD) received a height-adjusted dose of bupivacaine (9\u201313 mg) with fentanyl. Sensory block \u2265 T5 dermatome within 10 min and no need for supplementary analgesia were set as the composite primary outcome (success). Rates of successful blocks and complications were compared. Complete data were available for 134 cases. Spinal anaesthesia was successful in 58 out of 67 patients in the FD group and 57 out of 67 in the AD group (p &gt; 0.05). Eight spinals in each group failed to produce a block \u2265 T5 in 10 min, and one patient in the FD group and two in the AD group required i.v. analgesics despite sensory block \u2265 T5. No differences were noted in terms of hypotension, bradycardia and nausea between the FD and AD groups. Compared to the height-adjusted dose regimen based on conventional doses of hyperbaric bupivacaine, the fixed dose regimen of 12.5 mg was equally effective and did not increase the risk of spinal block-related complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T19:03:37Z","timestamp":1604862217000},"page":"3600","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fixed Dose versus Height-Adjusted Conventional Dose of Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine for Caesarean Delivery: A Prospective, Double-Blinded Randomised Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Bia\u0142owolska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Orlowski Hospital, Ul. Czerniakowska 231, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0591-1340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bartosz","family":"Horosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Orlowski Hospital, Ul. Czerniakowska 231, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"S\u0119kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Bielanski Hospital, Ul. Ceg\u0142owska 80, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Malec-Milewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Orlowski Hospital, Ul. Czerniakowska 231, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2003.03446.x","article-title":"Anaesthesia for Caesarean section: A survey in a UK region from 1992 to 2002","volume":"58","author":"Jenkins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Colvin, J.R., and Peden, C.J. (2012). Raising the Standard. A Compendium of Audit Recipes for Continuous Quality Improvement in Anaesthesia, The Royal College of Anaesthetists. [3rd ed.]. 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