{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T13:48:12Z","timestamp":1789048092587,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health","award":["NEI R01EY023261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NEI R01EY023261"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JEMR"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Modern societies are becoming increasingly dependent on electronics, leading to an increase in visual symptoms. Vergence endurance, the ability to sustain performance, may serve as a quantitative metric to complement symptom surveys to assess vergence performance during near visual tasks. To quantify vergence endurance, 48 participants, aged 15 to 23 years with normal binocular vision, completed a 15 min symmetrical disparity vergence step task to assess potential changes in peak vergence speed over the course of the experiment. Peak velocity, final amplitude, and the slope of the linear regression fit of the peak velocity as a function of stimulus recording were quantified for convergence and divergence responses using an eye tracker integrated in a virtual reality headset. Peak velocity was sustained by 63% and 69% of participants for convergence and divergence eye movements, respectively. Convergence and divergence responses were significantly different for peak velocity (p &lt; 0.001) and vergence endurance (p &lt; 0.03). The endurance metric tool has potential that may help shape future clinical applications for those with acquired brain injuries, including concussions or neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis or Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jemr19030049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T10:01:30Z","timestamp":1777975290000},"page":"49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Oculomotor Vergence Eye Movement Endurance in Normal Vision via Virtual Reality-Integrated Eye Tracking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fatema F.","family":"Hirani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5286-4981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farzin","family":"Hajebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8797-1613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tara L.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dandumahanti, B.P., Chittoor, P.K., and Subramaniyam, M. 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